Relationships between individual sensitivity to CS- and cocaine-induced reinstatement in the rat
Relationships between individual sensitivity to CS- and cocaine-induced reinstatement in the rat
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-002-1306-9
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Piazza, PV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deroche-Gamonet, V;Martinez, A;Piazza, PV
理由...对可卡因前使用者来说，保持戒断是一项极具挑战性的工作。暴露于药物条件刺激（CS）和低剂量的可卡因可以引起人类的渴望和恢复自我管理（SA）的行为在动物模型。药物和CS诱导的恢复是否依赖于相同的生物基质仍然存在争议。目标..我们研究了可卡因和CS诱导的SA恢复在同一个人作为一个功能的持续时间的停药期后延长可卡因SA之间的关系。方法。Sprague-Dawley大鼠在74个疗程（每天暴露于可卡因2小时）期间接受可卡因静脉内SA（每次输注0.8 mg/kg）训练，并接受戒断。SA结束后5天和30天，对可卡因和CS诱导的恢复进行了测试。结果..在短期和长期停药后，CS和可卡因诱导的恢复不相关。此外，可卡因引起的恢复后，测量短期和长期退出呈正相关，而CS引起的恢复没有。一个人对可卡因引起的复吸的敏感性与其对CS引起的复吸的敏感性无关。此外，可卡因诱导的恢复的脆弱性在SA停止后迅速确定，并且是一种长期持续的状态，而CS诱导的恢复的脆弱性取决于个体的快速或缓慢发展。结论.这些结果支持了可卡因和CS通过不同机制诱导恢复的观点。这意味着药物滥用的恢复是一种异质性条件，有些人对一个因素比另一个因素更敏感。研究有效的抗复发疗法应考虑到这些因素。
Rationale.. Maintaining abstinence is highly challenging for cocaine ex-users. Exposure to drug conditioned stimuli (CS) and to low doses of cocaine can provoke craving in humans and reinstate self-administration (SA) behavior in animal models. Whether drug- and CS-induced reinstatement depend on the same biological substrates remains controversial. Objectives.. We investigated the relationships between cocaine- and CS-induced SA reinstatement within the same individuals as a function of the duration of the withdrawal period after cessation of extended cocaine SA. Methods.. Sprague-Dawley rats were trained for cocaine intravenous SA (0.8 mg/kg per infusion) during 74 sessions (2 h daily exposure to cocaine) and submitted to withdrawal. Five and 30 days after the end of SA, cocaine- and CS-induced reinstatement were tested. Results.. Both after a short and a long withdrawal, CS- and cocaine-induced reinstatement were not related. Furthermore, cocaine-induced reinstatement measured after a short and a long withdrawal was positively related while CS-induced reinstatement was not. The sensitivity of an individual to cocaine-induced reinstatement is not related to its sensitivity to CS-induced reinstatement. Furthermore, vulnerability to cocaine-induced reinstatement is determined quickly after SA cessation and is a long lasting state, whilst vulnerability to CS-induced reinstatement develops quickly or slowly depending on the individual. Conclusions.. These results support the view that cocaine and CS induce reinstatement through different mechanisms. They imply that reinstatement in drug abuse is a heterogeneous condition with some individuals being more sensitive to one factor than to the other. Research for effective anti-relapse therapies should take these elements into account.