The crucial role of surface magnetic fields for the solar dynamo
The crucial role of surface magnetic fields for the solar dynamo
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1261470
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发表时间：
2015-03-20
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Schuessler, Manfred
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cameron, Robert;Schuessler, Manfred
太阳黑子和太阳活动11年周期中出现的大量其他现象是太阳表面出现磁通量的结果。观测到的双极太阳黑子群的方向意味着它们起源于太阳对流包络中的环形（方位取向）磁通量。我们表明，净环形的对流区的半球内的差分旋转产生的磁通量是由出现在太阳表面的磁通量，因此可以从观测到的磁场分布计算。环向通量的主要来源是极帽处的大致偶极表面磁场，其峰值在活动周期的最小值附近。
Sunspots and the plethora of other phenomena occurring in the course of the 11-year cycle of solar activity are a consequence of the emergence of magnetic flux at the solar surface. The observed orientations of bipolar sunspot groups imply that they originate from toroidal (azimuthally orientated) magnetic flux in the convective envelope of the Sun. We show that the net toroidal magnetic flux generated by differential rotation within a hemisphere of the convection zone is determined by the emerged magnetic flux at the solar surface and thus can be calculated from the observed magnetic field distribution. The main source of the toroidal flux is the roughly dipolar surface magnetic field at the polar caps, which peaks around the minima of the activity cycle.