Human stool contains a previously unrecognized diversity of novel astroviruses.
Human stool contains a previously unrecognized diversity of novel astroviruses.
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DOI：
10.1186/1743-422x-6-161
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发表时间：
2009-10-08
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Wang D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finkbeiner SR;Holtz LR;Jiang Y;Rajendran P;Franz CJ;Zhao G;Kang G;Wang D
人类星状病毒是胃肠道疾病的主要原因。自1975年发现以来，已在人类中描述了8种密切相关的血清型，最近，在腹泻患者中鉴定了两种新的星状病毒物种，星状病毒MLB 1和星状病毒VA 1。在这项研究中，我们使用针对RNA聚合酶的一致星状病毒引物来确定两大洲腹泻儿科患者中存在的星状病毒的多样性。来自印度韦洛雷的两个不同队列的416份粪便标本中，35份样本呈阳性。通过对由共有PCR产生的~400 bp扩增子进行测序或通过对单个星状病毒进行额外的特异性RT-PCR，进一步分析这些阳性样品。19个样品含有经典的人星状病毒血清型1-8，而7个样品对最近描述的星状病毒MLB 1呈阳性。引人注目的是，从在共有PCR筛选中呈阳性但在特异性PCR测定中呈阴性的样品中，五个样品含有与所有先前描述的星状病毒高度不同的序列。序列分析表明，这5例患者标本中存在3种新型星形病毒，暂命名为星形病毒VA 2、MLB 2和VA 3（2例患者中存在AstV-VA 2，2例患者中存在AstV-MLB 2，1例患者中存在AstV-VA 3）。使用相同的RT-PCR筛查策略，在美国圣路易斯采集的466份检测粪便标本中有13份呈阳性。9个样本对经典的人类星状病毒呈阳性。1份样本为AstV-VA 2阳性，3份样本为AstV-MLB 2阳性，表明这两种病毒在全球广泛传播。总的来说，这些发现强调了腹泻患者粪便标本中存在的星形病毒的巨大多样性。鉴于目前很大一部分腹泻病因尚不清楚，这些或其他尚未识别的星状病毒可能是至少部分未确诊病例的原因。
Human astroviruses are a leading cause of gastrointestinal disease. Since their discovery in 1975, 8 closely related serotypes have been described in humans, and more recently, two new astrovirus species, astrovirus MLB1 and astrovirus VA1, were identified in diarrhea patients. In this study, we used consensus astrovirus primers targeting the RNA polymerase to define the diversity of astroviruses present in pediatric patients with diarrhea on two continents. From 416 stool specimens comprising two different cohorts from Vellore, India, 35 samples were positive. These positive samples were analyzed further by either sequencing of the ~400 bp amplicon generated by the consensus PCR or by performing additional RT-PCR specific for individual astroviruses. 19 samples contained the classic human astrovirus serotypes 1-8 while 7 samples were positive for the recently described astrovirus MLB1. Strikingly, from samples that were positive in the consensus PCR screen but negative in the specific PCR assays, five samples contained sequences that were highly divergent from all previously described astroviruses. Sequence analysis suggested that three novel astroviruses, tentatively named astroviruses VA2, MLB2 and VA3, were present in these five patient specimens (AstV-VA2 in 2 patients, AstV-MLB2 in 2 patients and AstV-VA3 in one patient). Using the same RT-PCR screening strategy, 13 samples out of 466 tested stool specimens collected in St. Louis, USA were positive. Nine samples were positive for the classic human astroviruses. One sample was positive for AstV-VA2, and 3 samples were positive for AstV-MLB2 demonstrating that these two viruses are globally widespread. Collectively, these findings underscore the tremendous diversity of astroviruses present in fecal specimens from diarrhea patients. Given that a significant fraction of diarrhea etiologies is currently unknown, it is plausible that these or other yet unrecognized astroviruses may be responsible for at least part of the undiagnosed cases.