Holiness Religion: Cultural Shock and Social Reorganization
Holiness Religion: Cultural Shock and Social Reorganization
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圣洁宗教：文化冲击与社会重组
DOI：
10.2307/2083696
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发表时间：
1940
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
J. Holt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Holt
本文的目的是为社会组织与文化冲突领域的进一步研究提供建议。在这两个领域中都存在着描述从农村到城市地区以及在某些情况下到其他农村地区的移徙者的社会重组问题。由于一些在我们继续进行的过程中会变得显而易见的原因，这一讨论仅限于适用于南方，尤其是东南部各州。因此，它的范围是相当区域性的。作者的注意力被吸引到这个主题，与其说是对人口迁移的社会因素的抽象兴趣，不如说是他对神圣和五旬节教派或教派在东南部各州的惊人增长的好奇心。这些团体中最大的是上帝召会，其成员从1936年的2,600人增加到1936年的I48,043人，到1939年增加到约200,000人。第二大的是拿撒勒人，从1906年的6657人增加到1936年的I36,227人，从那以后似乎一直在快速增长。这个第三大集团的三个分支机构目前的会员总数约为9万人，而1926年只有2.3万人。下面的讨论只包括白人教会，不包括路德教会。这些数据涵盖了七个最强大的机构，它们似乎代表了该运动更有组织的阶段这七个是：(i)神的会；(2)拿撒勒人教会；(3)上帝的教会，总部设在田纳西州的克利夫兰；(4)上帝的教会，总部设在印第安纳州的安德森；(5)世界五旬节派大会；(6)五旬节圣洁教会；(7)朝圣者神圣教堂。第八个是耶稣基督的五旬节会，成立于1930年，至今没有相关数据。这些群体经常被不分青红皂白地归类为“圣滚子”。这个绰号的灵感来自于他们在宗教仪式上高度情绪化和身体上精力充沛的行为。这种行为本身的特点是，当上帝将他所谓的“第二次祝福”赐给他们的灵魂时，他们对“成圣”的幸福或狂喜的外在表达。
T HE PURPOSE of this paper is to suggest further research in the field of social organization and culture conflict. Within both these fields lies the problem of describing the social reorganization of migrants from rural to urban areas and, in some cases, to other rural areas. For reasons which will become obvious as we proceed, this discussion is limited in its application to the South and more particularly to the southeastern states. It is thus quite regional in scope. The writer's attention was drawn to the subject less by an abstract interest in the social factors of population migration than by his curiosity concerning the phenomenal growth of the Holiness and Pentecostal denominations or sects in the southeastern states. The largest of these groups, the Assemblies of God, increased from ii,ooo members in i9i6 to I48,043 in I936, and to around 200,000 in I939. The second largest, the Nazarene, increased from 6657 in i906 to I36,227 in I936, and seems to have continued to grow rapidly since then. The three branches of the third largest group have today an aggregate membership of about 9o,ooo, as compared with 23,000 in i926.' Included in the following discussion are white churches only, exclusive of the Lutheran. The data cover the seven strongest bodies, which seem to be representative of the movement in its more organized phases.2 These seven are: (i) The Assemblies of God; (2) The Church of the Nazarene; (3) The Church of God, with headquarters at Cleveland, Tennessee; (4) The Church of God, with headquarters at Anderson, Indiana; (5) The Pentecostal Assemblies of the World; (6) The Pentecostal Holiness Church; (7) The Pilgrim Holiness Church. An eighth, on which no figures have yet been obtained, is the Pentecostal Assemblies of Jesus Christ, founded since I930. These groups are frequently classed indiscriminately as "holy rollers." This epithet is inspired by their highly emotional and physically energetic behavior at religious services. This behavior is characterized by themselves as the outward expression of their beatific or ecstatic feeling of "sanctification," when God bestows upon their souls His so-called "second blessing"