Moral Typecasting: Divergent Perceptions of Moral Agents and Moral Patients
Moral Typecasting: Divergent Perceptions of Moral Agents and Moral Patients
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DOI：
10.1037/a0013748
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Wegner, Daniel A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gray, Kurt;Wegner, Daniel A.
道德能动性是做正确或错误的能力，而道德耐心是成为正确或错误目标的能力。通过7个研究，作者探讨了道德类型-道德代理感知和道德耐心之间的负相关关系。在一系列目标和情况下，好人和坏人（道德行为人）被认为不太容易受到对他们的善和恶的伤害。接受善和恶的人（道德病人），反过来，被认为不太有能力执行善或恶的行为。道德类型塑造源于道德的二元性质，并解释了人们愿意给做好事的人带来比什么都不做的人更大的痛苦等奇怪的影响。
Moral agency is the capacity to do right or wrong, whereas moral patiency is the capacity to be a target of right or wrong. Through 7 studies, the authors explored moral typecasting-an inverse relation between perceptions of moral agency and moral patiency. Across a range of targets and situations, good- and evil-doers (moral agents) were perceived to be less vulnerable to having good and evil done to them. The recipients of good and evil (moral patients), in turn, were perceived as less capable of performing good or evil actions. Moral typecasting stems from the dyadic nature of morality and explains curious effects such as people's willingness to inflict greater pain on those who do good than those who do nothing.