Selective uprooting by weed harrowing on sandy soils
Selective uprooting by weed harrowing on sandy soils
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沙质土壤上除草选择性连根拔除
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-3180.2000.00205.x
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
D. Goense
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dirk Kurstjens;U. Perdok;D. Goense
研究了杂草耙拔法及其在作物生长早期选择性除草的潜力。工作深度、播种深度、土壤含水量和工作速度对多年生黑麦草根际拔根的影响，独行菜和藜Chenopodium quinoa Willd.在桑迪土壤上进行了室内耙土试验。耙地平均拔除51%的出苗植株和21%的苗期植株。70%的被连根拔起的植物完全被土壤覆盖。工作深度从10毫米增加到30毫米，连根拔起的植物的平均比例增加了一倍。较高的土壤含水量和较高的工作速度也促进了生根。平均连根拔起选择性（=连根拔起的新兴植物/连根拔起的同一物种的幼苗的分数）之间变化2.0（深耕和高速）和5.6（干土）。如果尖齿与作物和杂草植株保持3 mm以上的距离，则所有处理的平均选择性将从2.4提高到5.5，并且平均连根拔起的幼苗比例将从21%降低到8%。这项研究表明，连根拔起可能是一个更重要的杂草控制机制比通常认为的。如果工作深度和耙齿的路径相对于作物行可以精确控制，根除可能是一个相对选择性杂草控制机制在作物生长早期阶段。
Uprooting by weed harrowing and the potential of the uprooting process for selective weed control at early crop growth stages was studied. Effects of working depth, seed depth, soil moisture content and working speed on uprooting of Lolium perenne L., Lepidium sativum L. and Chenopodium quinoa Willd. were investigated in laboratory harrowing experiments on a sandy soil. Harrowing uprooted on average 51% of the emerging plants and 21% of the plants in the seedling stage. Seventy per cent of all uprooted plants were completely covered by soil. An increase in working depth from 10 mm to 30 mm doubled the average fraction of uprooted plants. Uprooting was also promoted by higher soil moisture contents and higher working speeds. Average uprooting selectivity (=fraction of uprooted emerging plants/fraction of uprooted seedlings of the same species) varied between 2.0 (deep tillage and high speed) and 5.6 (dry soil). If tines could keep a distance of more than 3 mm from the crop and weed plants, the average selectivity of all treatments would improve from 2.4 to 5.5 and the average fraction of uprooted seedlings would decrease from 21% to 8%. This study indicates that uprooting may be a more important weed control mechanism than commonly believed. If working depth and the path of the harrow tines in relation to crop rows could be accurately controlled, uprooting could be a relatively selective weed control mechanism at early crop growth stages.