Science Aspirations, Capital, and Family Habitus
Science Aspirations, Capital, and Family Habitus
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科学志向、资本和家庭习惯
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Wong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Archer;J. DeWitt;J. Osborne;J. Dillon;B. Willis;B. Wong
16岁后学生在科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）领域的低参与率是一个国际关注的问题。现有证据表明，儿童对科学的渴望主要是在10至14岁这一关键时期形成的。本文报告了来自英国9000多名小学生（10/11岁）的调查数据，以及来自160个半结构化访谈（92名10/11岁儿童和78名家长）的定性数据，这些数据是英国一项正在进行的为期5年的追踪10至14岁儿童的纵向研究的一部分。利用布迪厄的概念框架，本文探讨了家庭习惯和资本的相互作用如何使一些（尤其是中产阶级）孩子比其他孩子更“可以想象”科学抱负。有人认为，虽然家庭习惯不是决定性的（家庭习惯、资本和孩子的科学抱负之间没有直接的一致性），但资本分配中的社会不平等和不同类别的家庭习惯结合在一起，在儿童的科学抱负和潜在的未来参与中产生了不平衡（分类、种族化）的模式。
Low participation rates in the study of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) post-16 are a matter of international concern. Existing evidence suggests children’s science aspirations are largely formed within the critical 10 to 14 age period. This article reports on survey data from over 9,000 elementary school children in England (age 10/11) and qualitative data from 160 semi-structured interviews (92 children aged 10/11 and 78 parents), collected as part of an ongoing 5-year longitudinal study in the United Kingdom tracking children from 10 to 14. Drawing on the conceptual framework of Bourdieu, the article explores how the interplay of family habitus and capital can make science aspirations more “thinkable” for some (notably middle-class) children than others. It is argued that while family habitus is not deterministic (there is no straightforward alignment between family habitus, capital, and a child’s science aspirations), social inequalities in the distribution of capital and differentially classed family habitus combine to produce uneven (classed, racialized) patterns in children’s science aspirations and potential future participation.