Costing increases in walking accessibility for people who socially excluded
Costing increases in walking accessibility for people who socially excluded
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对于被社会排斥的人来说，步行可达性的成本增加
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Titheridge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Mackett;K. Achuthan;H. Titheridge
由于行动上的障碍，一些人无法像他们希望的那样行走，因此无法获得他们想要的那么多机会。越来越多的人认识到，运输政策应考虑到那些被社会排斥的人的需要。然而，通过投资基础设施和服务来帮助克服这些障碍来改善可获得性需要花钱。这引发了许多问题，例如：考虑到提高可获得性的替代方法，这些方法在单位投资增加可获得性的最大人数方面带来最大好处？用一笔给定的钱可以买到多少可获得性的改善？鉴于资金有限，而且通常是随着时间的推移而分阶段进行的，什么是开始改善的最好方法？伦敦大学学院正在开展的一个研究项目正在探讨这些问题，该项目正在开发一个基于地理信息系统的工具Amelia(通过增加无障碍改善生活的方法)，以研究交通政策如何通过考虑各种流动准则，让更多的人获得包括商店、就业、休闲设施和医疗和福利中心在内的机会，从而增加社会包容性。赫特福德郡的圣奥尔本斯市被用作步行分析的案例。文中介绍了使用Amelia的步骤。然后，通过检查圣奥尔本斯市中心三项政策行动的成本效益来演示该软件的使用：提供下坡路缘、降低下坡路缘坡度和提供更宽的人行道，然后将这三项结合在一起。考虑到圣奥尔本斯65岁或以上的人口进入市中心的方式是为住在附近的人步行，为其他人乘坐公交车和汽车。分析的依据是从家、汽车站或停车场步行前往三个目的地，然后再返回起点。步行时间被认为是三次
Because of barriers to their mobility, some people are not able to walk as much as they wish, and so cannot reach as many opportunities as they would like. It is increasingly being recognised that transport policy should take into account the needs of those who are socially excluded. However, improving accessibility by investing in infrastructure and services to help overcome these barriers costs money. This raises a number of questions such as: Given alternative ways of increasing accessibility, which give the greatest benefit in terms of the greatest number of people with increased access per unit of investment? How much improvement in accessibility can be bought for a given sum of money? Given that funding is limited, and often is phased over time, what is the best way to start making improvements? These issues are being explored in a research project being carried out being carried at University College London in which a GIS-based tool AMELIA (A Methodology for Enhancing Life by Increasing Accessibility) is being developed to examine how transport policies can increase social inclusion by allowing more people to reach opportunities including shops, employment, leisure facilities, and medical and welfare centres, taking into account various mobility guidelines. The city of St Albans in Hertfordshire is being used as a case study for the walking analysis. In the paper the procedure for using AMELIA is explained. Then the use of the software is demonstrated by examining the cost-effectiveness of three policy actions in the city centre of St Albans: providing dropped kerbs, reducing the gradient on dropped kerbs, and providing wider pavements, and then all three together. The effects are considered for the population of St Albans aged 65 or over coming into the city centre by walking all the way for those who live close by, and by bus and car for others. The analysis is in terms of a walking trip from home, the bus stop or car park, as appropriate, to three destinations and then back to the origin. The walking times are considered as three
DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Roger Mackett (Author)
通讯作者：
Roger Mackett (Author)