Measles and mumps vaccination as a model to investigate the developing immune system: passive and active immunity during the first year of life
Measles and mumps vaccination as a model to investigate the developing immune system: passive and active immunity during the first year of life
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DOI：
10.1016/s0264-410x(03)00341-4
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发表时间：
2003-07-28
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Arvin, AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gans, H;DeHovitz, R;Arvin, AM
对接种麻疹或腮腺炎疫苗的6个月、9个月和12个月大婴儿的中和抗体应答进行的评价表明，6个月大的婴儿具有与被动抗体效应相关的体液免疫应答减弱，但也具有抗病毒抗体产生的内在缺陷，这与被动抗体效应无关。相比之下，9个月龄婴儿的中和抗体滴度较低，仅与被动抗体效应有关。麻疹和腮腺炎特异性T细胞增殖和干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）的生产诱导接种疫苗在6个月，9个月或12个月，无论被动中和抗体或年龄。这些观察结果表明，需要完善被动抗体干扰和初级疫苗失败的概念，考虑到抗病毒T细胞的致敏作用，这发生在被动抗体存在的情况下，并在没有发展主动不道德免疫的婴儿中观察到。在12-15个月时接种第二剂麻疹疫苗可增强6或9个月时接种疫苗的婴儿对麻疹的抗病毒T细胞反应，并产生更高的血清转化率。由于T细胞免疫是在被动抗体的掩护下引发的，最年幼的婴儿受益于母体抗体介导的协同保护以及他们自身发展致敏抗病毒T细胞的能力，这些T细胞为随后暴露于病毒抗原做好准备。从概念上讲，孕妇接种疫苗的方法，可以在怀孕前给予育龄妇女，或在怀孕期间安全接种，应加强被动抗体保护。母亲接种疫苗不会对婴儿的适应性免疫反应有害，而是可以有效地与疫苗方案相结合，在婴儿出生后的第一年内引发抗病毒免疫反应。(C)2003爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Evaluations of neutralizing antibody responses in 6, 9- and 12-month-old infants given measles or mumps vaccine indicated that 6-month-old infants had diminished humoral immune responses associated with passive antibody effects, but also had an intrinsic deficiency in antiviral antibody production, which was independent of passive antibody effects. In contrast, lower neutralizing antibody titers in 9-month-olds were related only to passive antibody effects. Measles and mumps-specific T-cell proliferation and interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) production were induced by vaccination at 6, 9 or 12 months, regardless of passive neutralizing antibodies or age. These observations suggest a need to refine concepts about passive antibody interference and primary vaccine failure, taking into account the sensitization of antiviral T-cells, which occurs in the presence of passive antibodies and is observed in infants who do not develop active Immoral immunity. A second dose of measles vaccine given at 12-15 months enhanced antiviral T-cell responses to measles in infants who were vaccinated at 6 or 9 months, and produced higher seroconversion rates. Since T-cell immunity is elicited under the cover of passive antibodies, the youngest infants benefit from the synergistic protection mediated by maternal antibodies and their own capacity to develop sensitized antiviral T-cells, which prime for subsequent exposures to the viral antigens. Conceptually, maternal immunization approaches with vaccines that can be given to women of child-bearing age before pregnancy, or that are safe for administration during pregnancy, should enhance passive antibody protection. Rather than being detrimental to infant adaptive immune responses, maternal vaccination can be coupled effectively with vaccine regimens that elicit priming of antiviral immune responses in infants during the first year of life. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.