Nitrogen Supply during Greenhouse Transplant Production Affects Subsequent Tomato Root Growth in the Field
Nitrogen Supply during Greenhouse Transplant Production Affects Subsequent Tomato Root Growth in the Field
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温室移植生产期间的氮供应影响随后田间番茄根的生长
DOI：
10.21273/jashs.118.3.339
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Nicholls
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Liptay;S. Nicholls
番茄移植（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）田间根系生长与温室内供氮水平直接相关。当施氮量为50 ~ 350 mg·L-1时，根系生长量呈指数增长。在多室托盘中的移植生长随着N以S形方式增加，高达200 mg-升。田间最大成活率、生长量和早期产量的最佳氮素范围为100 ~ 200 mg·L-1。幼苗茎强度随施氮量的增加呈曲线上升趋势。苗木田间成活率与苗茎强度高度相关。向番茄幼苗供应的氮影响温室中的生长，并在移栽后的田间具有残留效应（加顿和Widders，1990; Melton和Dufault，1991 a，1991 b;韦斯顿和Zandstra，1989; Widders，1989）。在温室中增加给幼苗的N量增加了田间早期枝条生长的量，并加速了收获的成熟。将番茄幼苗的氮素水平从25提高到75或225 mg·L-1，促进了生长，然而，进一步提高到300 mg·L-1并没有额外的益处（Melton和Dufault，1991 a，1991 b）。在几项研究中，移栽生产期间的氮供应效应被带入田间（加顿和Widders，1990;韦斯顿和Zandstra，1989; Widders，1989）。本研究的目的是：1）相关的番茄幼苗生长在田间与氮营养在温室中，2）检查生长变量受不同的N浓度，和3）评估不同的N浓度对移植存活率的影响。对于安大略西南部而言，后者是一个特别重要的考虑因素，因为在大风过后，桑迪土壤上经常发生喷砂坝，需要重新种植。
Tomato transplant (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) root growth in the field was directly related to N level supplied to the transplants as seedlings in the greenhouse. Root growth in the field increased exponentially when N was applied at 50 to 350 mg·liter -1 . Transplant growth in multicelled trays increased in a sigmoidal fashion with N, up to 200 mg-liter'. The optimal N range for maximum survival, growth, and early yield in the field was from 100 to 200 mg-liter'. Strength of the seedling stem increased with N level curvilinearly. Seedling survival in the field was highly correlated with seedling stem strength. Nitrogen supplied to tomato seedlings affects growth in the greenhouse and has a carryover effect in the field after transplant- ing (Garton and Widders, 1990; Melton and Dufault, 1991a, 1991b; Weston and Zandstra, 1989; Widders, 1989). Increasing the amount of N fed to the seedlings in the greenhouse increased the amount of early shoot growth in the field and accelerated maturity for harvest. Elevating the level of N fed to tomato seedlings from 25 to 75 or 225 mg·liter -1 enhanced growth, however, further increases to 300 mg·liter -1 gave no additional benefit (Melton and Dufault, 1991a, 1991b). The effect of N supply during transplant production was carried over into the field in several studies (Garton and Widders, 1990; Weston and Zandstra, 1989; Widders, 1989). The objectives of the current study were to 1) correlate tomato seedling growth in the field with N feeding in the greenhouse, 2) examine growth variables affected by varying N concentrations , and 3) assess the effect of varying N concentrations on transplant survival in the field. The latter was a particularly important consideration for southwestern Ontario because sandblasting dam- age often occurs on sandy soils after high wind episodes requiring replanting.