The Interaction of Animacy , Definiteness , and Specificity in Spanish
The Interaction of Animacy , Definiteness , and Specificity in Spanish
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西班牙语中活泼性、确定性和特异性的相互作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Kaiser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Heusinger;G. Kaiser
指称范畴，如生命性、确定性和特殊性，决定或限制我们指称对象的方式，即它们本质上是语义的（和语用的），但它们也反映在许多形态句法现象中。然而，这样一个范畴和某些形态句法现象之间的映射是非常困难的，至少有三个原因：第一，所指范畴往往只在非正式的术语中描述，第二，形态句法现象很少被描述得足够详细，第三，只有很少的调查这些范畴之间的相互作用。以下数据的非正式描述说明了这一点。在标准西班牙语中，助词a通常表示[+animate] [+specific]直接宾语，如（1a）。如果直接宾语是[-animate]，则助词不合语法，如（1b）。因此，参照参数[+animate]和[+specific]决定了a的选择，而确定性不起作用。
Referential categories, such as animacy, definiteness, and specificity, determine or restrict the way we refer to objects, i.e. they are semantic (and pragmatic) by nature, but they are also reflected in numerous morphosyntactic phenomena. However, the mapping between such a category and certain morphosyntactic phenomena is very difficult to draw for at least three reasons: First, the referential categories are often only described in informal terms, second, the morphosyntactic phenomena are seldom described in sufficient detail, and third there are only few investigations into the interaction between these categories. An informal description of the following data illustrates this point. In Standard Spanish, the particle a generally marks a [+animate] [+specific] direct object, as in (1a). If the direct object is [–animate], the particle in ungrammatical, as in (1b). Thus the referential parameters [+animate] and [+specific] determine the choice of a, while definiteness does not play a role.