Solar energy development on farmland: Three prevalent perspectives of conflict, synergy and compromise in the United States

Solar energy development on farmland: Three prevalent perspectives of conflict, synergy and compromise in the United States
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农田太阳能开发:美国冲突、协同和妥协的三种普遍观点

DOI:
10.1016/j.erss.2023.103145
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Goldberg, Zachary A.
Goldberg, Zachary A.
中科院分区:
经济学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goldberg, Zachary A.

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由于农田已成为电网规模地面太阳能开发的关键场所,因此需要进行更多的分析,以探索能源转型对农业的未来意味着什么。本文采用食物-能源-水(FEW)关系框架,描绘了太阳能在农田中发展的三种不同观点。前两个观点分别符合FEW的“权衡”和“协同作用”的关系语言,认为太阳能开发要么与农业土地使用和粮食安全相冲突,要么这两种土地使用可以适当地放在一起,以建立农业光伏系统。第三种观点是一种妥协,认为太阳能--既不是与持续农业的完全权衡,也不是与持续农业的完全协同--保留了农田供未来农业使用。通过分析这些观点,我们进一步了解太阳能发展的含义。虽然这些观点都很重要,但农业在能源和农业转型中发挥积极作用的潜力最大。尽管如此,农业光伏发展仍面临若干关键障碍,包括需要充分获得水、当地知识和适当的农业资源,以及太阳能开发商的持续兴趣。农业和太阳能的发展应该引起土地使用和资源利用方面的重要政治问题。
As farmland has become a key place for grid-scale, ground-mounted solar energy development, there needs to be more analysis to explore what energy transitions mean for the future of agriculture. This article uses the food–energy–water (FEW) nexus framework to delineate three different perspectives of solar energy development on farmland. The first two perspectives fit into the FEW nexus language of “trade-offs” and “synergies” respectively, arguing that solar energy development either conflicts with agricultural land use and food security or, alternatively, that the two land uses can be co-located appropriately to create agrivoltaic systems. The third perspective is a compromise, arguing that solar energy - neither a complete trade-off to nor completely synergetic with continued agriculture - preserves farmland for future agricultural use. By analyzing these perspectives together, we further understand implications of solar energy development. While each of these perspectives is important, agrivoltaics has the greatest potential to play a positive role across both energy and agricultural transitions. Nonetheless, there are several key barriers to agrivoltaic development, including the need for sufficient access to water, local knowledge and appropriate agricultural resources, and sustained interest from solar energy developers. The development of agrivoltaics, and solar energy in general, should raise important political questions of land access and resource use.
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