Blood-injection-injury fears: Harm- vs. disgust-relevant selective outcome associations
Blood-injection-injury fears: Harm- vs. disgust-relevant selective outcome associations
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbtep.2006.09.001
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Peters, Madelon L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Jong, Peter J.;Peters, Madelon L.
越来越多的证据表明，血液注射伤害（1311）恐惧症与其他特定恐惧症有本质上的不同，因为恐惧症的痛苦表现为厌恶而不是（威胁引起的）恐惧。接下来，我们测试了 BII 恐惧中伤害和厌恶相关的联想偏见的相对重要性。高（n = 25）和低（n = 27）恐惧的个体看到了一系列与恐惧相关（与血液相关）和恐惧无关（兔子和花）的幻灯片，这些幻灯片随机配对与伤害相关的结果、与厌恶相关的结果或什么都没有。实验前，参与者预计与血液相关的幻灯片之后会出现厌恶和伤害相关的结果。这些选择性的实验前结果预期在实验过程中很容易得到纠正。低程度和高程度恐惧的参与者均未表现出实验后协变偏差。高恐惧和低恐惧参与者之间不存在差异效应，并不支持厌恶或伤害相关的联想偏见在维持 BII 恐惧中发挥作用的观点。结果证实了 Pury 和 Mineka [1997] 先前的发现。血伤刺激和厌恶结果的协变偏差。行为研究与治疗, 35, 35-47] 人们通常倾向于选择性地将 BII 刺激与厌恶结果联系起来。 (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
There is increasing evidence that blood-injection-injury (1311) phobia is qualitatively different from the other specific phobias in the sense that phobic distress takes the form of disgust rather than (threat-induced) fear. Following this, we tested the relative importance of harm and disgust-related associative biases in BII-fear. High (n = 25) and low (n = 27) fearful individuals saw a series of fear-relevant (blood-related) and fear-irrelevant (rabbit and flower) slides which were randomly paired with either a harm-related outcome, a disgust-related outcome, or nothing. Preexperimentally, participants expected blood-related slides to be followed by both disgust- and harm-relevant outcomes. These selective preexperimental outcome expectancies were readily corrected during the experiment. Neither low nor high fearful participants showed a postexperimental covariation bias. The absence of differential effects between high and low fearful participants does not support the idea that disgust- or harm-relevant associative biases play a role in the maintenance of BII-fears. The results corroborate the previous finding of Pury and Mineka [1997. Covariation bias for blood-injury stimuli and aversive outcomes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 35-47] that people are generally liable to selectively associate BII-stimuli with aversive outcomes. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.