Efficient Breeding by Genomic Mating.
Efficient Breeding by Genomic Mating.
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DOI：
10.3389/fgene.2016.00210
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sánchez JI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akdemir D;Sánchez JI
育种计划中的选择可以通过使用表型（表型选择）、系谱关系（育种价值选择）或分子标记（标记辅助选择或基因组选择）来完成。这些方法都是基于截断选择，在交配前关注亲本的最佳表现。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的育种方法，称为基因组交配，它侧重于交配而不是截断选择。基因组交配以类似于基因组选择的方式使用信息，但包含了待交配双亲的互补信息。在效率前沿面之后，基因组交配使用估计育种值、风险（有用性）和祖先系数的概念来优化亲本之间的交配。利用遗传算法求解这一优化问题，通过比较基因组选择、表型选择和交配方法的模拟结果表明，目前的方法比表型选择和基因组选择更有利于复杂性状的育种。基因组交配在估计标记效应方面类似于基因组选择，但在基因组交配中，遗传信息和估计的标记效应被用来决定应该杂交哪些基因型以获得下一个育种群体。
Selection in breeding programs can be done by using phenotypes (phenotypic selection), pedigree relationship (breeding value selection) or molecular markers (marker assisted selection or genomic selection). All these methods are based on truncation selection, focusing on the best performance of parents before mating. In this article we proposed an approach to breeding, named genomic mating, which focuses on mating instead of truncation selection. Genomic mating uses information in a similar fashion to genomic selection but includes information on complementation of parents to be mated. Following the efficiency frontier surface, genomic mating uses concepts of estimated breeding values, risk (usefulness) and coefficient of ancestry to optimize mating between parents. We used a genetic algorithm to find solutions to this optimization problem and the results from our simulations comparing genomic selection, phenotypic selection and the mating approach indicate that current approach for breeding complex traits is more favorable than phenotypic and genomic selection. Genomic mating is similar to genomic selection in terms of estimating marker effects, but in genomic mating the genetic information and the estimated marker effects are used to decide which genotypes should be crossed to obtain the next breeding population.