We Discount the Pain of Others When Pain Has No Medical Explanation
We Discount the Pain of Others When Pain Has No Medical Explanation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpain.2012.09.002
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Crombez, Geert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Ruddere, Lies;Goubert, Liesbet;Crombez, Geert
本研究调查了医疗和心理社会信息对观察者对疼痛的估计、情绪反应和对另一个疼痛者的行为倾向的影响。参与者从社区招募（研究1：N = 39名女性，10名男性;研究2：N = 41名女性，12名男性），并观看了4名表达疼痛的患者的视频，并配以描述1）疼痛的医学证据和2）对疼痛体验的心理社会影响的缺失或存在的小插曲。研究1和2使用了类似的方法，除了在研究2中明确操纵心理社会影响的存在/不存在。对于每个病人的视频，参与者估计每个病人的痛苦和他们自己的痛苦，同情，并倾向于帮助进行了评估。在这两项研究中，结果表明，当没有疼痛的医学证据时，所有措施的评分都较低。总的来说，没有发现心理社会影响的影响，除了在研究2中，参与者表示，当心理社会影响存在时，感觉不那么痛苦。研究结果表明，当没有疼痛的医学证据时，疼痛就不那么严重了。研究结果进行了讨论的潜在机制的潜在的疼痛估计，以及影响observing behavior.Perspective：目前的研究表明，观察员采取的疼痛不太严重，在没有明确的医学证据的疼痛。这些发现对于进一步了解没有明确医学解释的疼痛的社会背景非常重要。(C)2012年，美国疼痛协会。爱思唯尔公司出版版权所有
The present studies investigated the impact of medical and psychosocial information on the observer's estimations of pain, emotional responses, and behavioral tendencies toward another person in pain. Participants were recruited from the community (study 1: N = 39 women, 10 men; study 2: N = 41 women, 12 men) and viewed videos of 4 patients expressing pain, paired with vignettes describing absence or presence of 1) medical evidence for the pain and 2) psychosocial influences on the pain experience. A similar methodology was used for studies 1 and 2, except for the explicit manipulation of the presence/absence of psychosocial influences in study 2. For each patient video, participant estimations of each patient's pain and their own distress, sympathy, and inclination to help were assessed. In both studies, results indicated lower ratings on all measures when medical evidence for pain was absent. Overall, no effect of psychosocial influences was found, except in study 2 where participants indicated feeling less distress when psychosocial influences were present. The findings suggest that pain is taken less seriously when there is no medical evidence for the pain. The findings are discussed in terms of potential mechanisms underlying pain estimations as well as implications for caregiving behavior.Perspective: The present studies indicate that observers take the pain of others less seriously in the absence of clear medical evidence for the pain. These findings are important to further understand the social context in which pain for which there is no clear medical explanation is experienced. (C) 2012 by the American Pain Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved