New regulations in Chilean fisheries and Aquaculture: ITQ's and Territorial Users Rights
New regulations in Chilean fisheries and Aquaculture: ITQ's and Territorial Users Rights
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DOI：
10.1016/s0964-5691(98)00049-0
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Morales, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernal, PA;Oliva, D;Morales, C
描述了使智利成为世界上第三个捕鱼国的大型工业渔业发展，并回顾了新的渔业和水产养殖立法引入的最新监管创新。除了传统的渔业管理工具外，法律现在规定了不同类型的限制进入制度，并适用于智利渔业。这些措施首次包括以个人捕捞配额和个人可转让配额(IFQs和ITQs)的形式分配资源。在法律中纳入了区域渔业用户权利，以加强个体渔民的自律做法。其中，底栖生物资源管理和开发区(AME)代表了草坪的联合分配。大规模分区被用来重新定义水产养殖补助金，并通过建立手工保护区，让沿海小规模渔民优先进入，使个体渔民和工业渔民之间的冲突例行公事。通过对以下渔业的个案研究，记录了新管理手段的执行情况：疯鱼(Concholepas Concholepas)、肉食性蜗牛、锁孔帽贝(Fissrella spp.)、龙虾(Cervimunida Johni)、黑线鳕(Dissostichus Eleinoides)和黄虾(Pleuroncodes Monodon)。(C)1999由爱思唯尔科学有限公司出版。版权所有。
The large industrial fishery development that turn Chile into the third fishing nation in the world is described, and recent regulatory innovations introduced by new Fishery and Aquaculture legislation are reviewed. Tn addition to classical Fishery management tools, different types of limited entry systems are now defined in the law and applicable to Chilean fisherie. These for the first time include allocation of resources in the form of Individual Fishing Quotas and Individual Transferable Quotas (IFQs and ITQs). Territorial User's Rights in Fisheries (TURF's) were incorporated in the law to enhance self-regulatory practices among artisanal fishermen. Among them, the Areas for Management and Exploitation for Benthic Resources (AME) represent an associative assignment of TURFs. Large-scale zoning is used to re-define Aquaculture Grants and to ritualise the conflicts between Artisanal and Industrial fishermen by establishing the Artisanal Reserve in which small-scale coastal fishermen have Priority Access. Performance of the new management instruments are documented with case studies, for the following fisheries: the loco (Concholepas concholepas) a carnivorous snail, keyhole limpets (Fissurella spp.), langostino or squat lobster (Cervimunida johni), Black hake (Dissostichus eleginoides) and the Yellow prawn (Pleuroncodes monodon). (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.