Annual Research Review: Understudied populations within the autism spectrum - current trends and future directions in neuroimaging research.
Annual Research Review: Understudied populations within the autism spectrum - current trends and future directions in neuroimaging research.
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DOI：
10.1111/jcpp.12687
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A Pelphrey K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jack A;A Pelphrey K
自闭症谱系障碍（ASDs）是一组异质性的神经发育疾病，其病因和表型表达各不相同。以更严重的表型为特征的ASD的表达，包括自闭症伴智力残疾（ASD+ID）、自闭症伴发育倒退史（ASD+R）和最低语言自闭症（ASD+MV），在神经影像学领域的研究普遍不足。然而，神经影像学方法是了解这些ASD亚型病因学的潜在有力工具。本综述通过检索PubMed数据库的文献，评估了现有的关于ASD+MV、ASD+ID和ASD+R的神经影像学研究，并讨论了涉及这些人群的神经影像学评估的未来研究的方法学、理论和实践考虑。关于ASD+ID、ASD+MV和ASD+R的神经影像学研究很少，而且已经存在的研究结果往往是相互矛盾的，或者是如此稀少以至于无法概括。我们建议，虽然更大的样本量和更多的研究是必要的，但更重要的是向多模式（例如，成像遗传学）方法的范式转变，这种方法允许在病因不同的样本中表征异质性。
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental conditions that vary in both etiology and phenotypic expression. Expressions of ASD characterized by a more severe phenotype, including autism with intellectual disability (ASD+ID), autism with a history of developmental regression (ASD+R), and minimally verbal autism (ASD+MV) are understudied generally, and especially in the domain of neuroimaging. However, neuroimaging methods are a potentially powerful tool for understanding the etiology of these ASD subtypes. This review evaluates existing neuroimaging research on ASD+MV, ASD+ID, and ASD+R, identified by a search of the literature using the PubMed database, and discusses methodological, theoretical, and practical considerations for future research involving neuroimaging assessment of these populations. There is a paucity of neuroimaging research on ASD+ID, ASD+MV, and ASD+R, and what findings do exist are often contradictory, or so sparse as to be ungeneralizable. We suggest that while greater sample sizes and more studies are necessary, more important would be a paradigm shift toward multimodal (e.g., imaging genetics) approaches that allow for the characterization of heterogeneity within etiologically diverse samples.