Irreversible Work and Inner Friction in Quantum Thermodynamic Processes
Irreversible Work and Inner Friction in Quantum Thermodynamic Processes
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.113.260601
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发表时间：
2014-12-31
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Zambrini, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Plastina, F.;Alecce, A.;Zambrini, R.
我们讨论了封闭量子系统的热力学驱动平衡的变化，在一个控制参数，并经历一个单一的过程。我们比较了系统实际所做的工作与沿着理想绝热和等温变换所做的工作。与后者的比较导致不可逆功的引入，而与前者的比较导致内摩擦的引入。我们表明，这两个量可以同等对待，因为两者都可以与热化过程中交换的热量联系起来，并且都可以表示为相对熵。此外，我们表明，一个特定的涨落关系的熵产生与内摩擦存在，这使得内摩擦可以写在其累积量。
We discuss the thermodynamics of closed quantum systems driven out of equilibrium by a change in a control parameter and undergoing a unitary process. We compare the work actually done on the system with the one that would be performed along ideal adiabatic and isothermal transformations. The comparison with the latter leads to the introduction of irreversible work, while that with the former leads to the introduction of inner friction. We show that these two quantities can be treated on an equal footing, as both can be linked with the heat exchanged in thermalization processes and both can be expressed as relative entropies. Furthermore, we show that a specific fluctuation relation for the entropy production associated with the inner friction exists, which allows the inner friction to be written in terms of its cumulants.