High Peak‐Current Lightning Discharges Associated With Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes
High Peak‐Current Lightning Discharges Associated With Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes
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DOI：
10.1029/2019jd031730
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发表时间：
2020-02
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通讯作者：
Y. Wada;T. Enoto;Y. Nakamura;T. Morimoto;Mitsuteru Sato;T. Ushio;Koji Nakazawa;T. Yuasa;D. Yonetoku;T. Sawano;M. Kamogawa;Hideo Sakai;Y. Furuta;K. Makishima;H. Tsuchiya
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作者：
Y. Wada;T. Enoto;Y. Nakamura;T. Morimoto;Mitsuteru Sato;T. Ushio;Koji Nakazawa;T. Yuasa;D. Yonetoku;T. Sawano;M. Kamogawa;Hideo Sakai;Y. Furuta;K. Makishima;H. Tsuchiya
在2017-2018年日本冬季雷暴云实验的伽马射线观测冬季运行期间，探测到两次引发大气光核反应的向下地面伽马射线闪光（TGF）。2017年12月5日和2018年1月9日，日本石川县金泽发生冬季雷暴。每次事件都与云内/云间放电相吻合，其负极性峰值电流高于150 kA。它们在低频带的无线电波形被归类为一种独特的闪电类型，称为“云内高能脉冲”（EIP）。负极性EIP先前被认为与向下的TGF高度相关，而目前的观察首次提供了它们之间相关性的证据。此外，这两个向下的TGF都遵循“伽马射线辉光”，这是雷暴云的持续时间很长的高能量发射。这表明，负EIPs发生与向下传播的负先导或向上的积极的发展在高度带电的区域负责伽马射线辉光。
During 2017–2018 winter operation of the Gamma‐Ray Observation of Winter Thunderclouds experiment in Japan, two downward terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes (TGFs) that triggered atmospheric photonuclear reactions were detected. They took place during winter thunderstorms on 5 December 2017 and 9 January 2018 at Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. Each event coincided with an intracloud/intercloud discharge, which had a negative‐polarity peak current higher than 150 kA. Their radio waveforms in the low‐frequency band are categorized as a distinct lightning type called “energetic in‐cloud pulse” (EIP). Negative‐polarity EIPs have been previously suggested to be highly associated with downward TGFs, and the present observations provide evidence of the correlation between them for the first time. Furthermore, both of the downward TGFs followed “gamma‐ray glows,” minute‐lasting high‐energy emissions from thunderclouds. It is suggested that the negative EIPs took place with downward propagating negative leaders or upward positive ones developed in highly electrified regions responsible for the gamma‐ray glows.