Applying cover crop residues as diverse mixtures increases initial microbial assimilation of crop residue-derived carbon.
Applying cover crop residues as diverse mixtures increases initial microbial assimilation of crop residue-derived carbon.
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DOI：
10.1111/ejss.13232
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
4.2
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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增加在可耕地上种植的作物的多样性提供了多种生态功能。目前尚不清楚，在混养中生长的不同作物的残留物的混合物是否有助于微生物对碳（C）的同化，其程度是否大于施用单个残留物的预期程度。在这项研究中，我们使用13 C同位素标记的覆盖作物残留物（荞麦，三叶草，萝卜和向日葵）跟踪微生物同化植物残留物来源的C使用磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）分析。我们还量化了微生物同化C来自土壤有机质（SOM），因为新鲜残留物的输入也总理SOM的分解。考虑到残留物分解的初始阶段，并排除微生物周转，我们比较了四元混合物的残留物的平均效果，他们的四个组成部分1天后合并。我们的研究结果表明，接受混合残留物的处理中的微生物量碳（MBC）显著高于接受混合物的四种单独组分的处理中的平均植物残留物来源的MBC，高出132%（3.61 μg C g−1）。然而，没有证据表明，混合物导致任何额外的同化C来自本地SOM比在个别残留物处理中观察到的平均值。我们推测，在作物残留物分解的初始阶段，更大的残留物生物多样性增加微生物同化的程度比预期的更大，无论是由于更快的分解或更高的碳利用效率（CUE）从应用单个残留物。这可能是由土壤微生物群的功能互补性，允许更大的多样性的基板，减少竞争任何单一的基板。因此，种植和整合作物多元文化（例如，覆盖作物混合物）可能是在覆盖作物分解的早期阶段增加微生物C同化的有效方法。研究了秸秆还田对土壤微生物生物量同化碳的影响。这项研究是重要的，因为最近的兴趣，在不同的覆盖作物混合耕作系统。混合作物残体增强了植物残体来源的C同化为微生物生物量。种植和结合覆盖作物混养可以提高可耕地土壤中的碳储量。
Increasing the diversity of crops grown in arable soils delivers multiple ecological functions. Whether mixtures of residues from different crops grown in polyculture contribute to microbial assimilation of carbon (C) to a greater extent than would be expected from applying individual residues is currently unknown. In this study, we used 13C isotope labelled cover crop residues (buckwheat, clover, radish, and sunflower) to track microbial assimilation of plant residue‐derived C using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. We also quantified microbial assimilation of C derived from the soil organic matter (SOM) because fresh residue inputs also prime the decomposition of SOM. To consider the initial stages of residue decomposition, and preclude microbial turnover, we compared a quaternary mixture of residues with the average effect of their four components 1 day after incorporation. Our results show that the microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in the treatment receiving the mixed residue was significantly greater, by 132% (3.61 μg C g−1), than the mean plant residue‐derived MBC in treatments receiving the four individual components of the mixture. However, there was no evidence that the mixture resulted in any additional assimilation of C derived from native SOM than the average observed in individual residue treatments. We surmise that, during the initial stages of crop residue decomposition, a greater biodiversity of residues increases microbial assimilation to a greater extent than would be expected from applying individual residues either due to faster decomposition or greater carbon use efficiency (CUE). This might be facilitated by functional complementarity in the soil microbiota, permitted by a greater diversity of substrates, reducing competition for any single substrate. Therefore, growing and incorporating crop polycultures (e.g., cover crop mixtures) could be an effective method to increase microbial C assimilation in the early stages of cover crop decomposition. The effect of mixing crop residues on assimilation of C by soil microbial biomass was investigated. The study is important due to recent interest in diverse cover crop mixtures for arable systems. Mixing crop residues enhanced the assimilation of plant residue‐derived C into microbial biomass. Growing and incorporating cover crop polycultures may enhance C storage in arable soils.
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