The influence of AIDS stigma and discrimination and social cohesion on HIV testing and willingness to disclose HIV in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
The influence of AIDS stigma and discrimination and social cohesion on HIV testing and willingness to disclose HIV in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
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DOI：
10.1080/17441690802076496
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Karim, S. S. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karim, Q. A.;Meyer-Weitz, A.;Karim, S. S. A.
本研究旨在了解艾滋病耻辱和歧视的影响，以及社会凝聚力对艾滋病毒检测的影响，以及披露艾滋病毒状况的意愿。进行了一项由访谈员进行的横断面调查（N=594）。独立样本 t 检验探讨了性别和年龄组之间在耻辱、歧视和社会凝聚力测量方面的平均差异。逻辑回归模型与上述自变量和二项式因变量进行拟合：进行过测试、愿意进行测试并披露阳性状态。参与者的平均年龄为 25.3 岁，其中 60% 为女性。只有 28% 的人进行了 HIV 检测，63% 的人愿意进行检测，82% 的人表示愿意披露 HIV 状况。预计社区会遭受严重的耻辱和歧视，伴侣的耻辱和歧视较少，家庭的耻辱和歧视则很少。与艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的社会距离较低，社交网络的成员似乎有限，并且据报告对艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的社会支持不足。分析表明，艾滋病耻辱和歧视以及社会凝聚力不足，限制了获得自愿咨询和检测（VCT）的机会，阻碍了信息披露，因此成为护理、支持和预防的障碍。干预措施需要扩大对信息和教育的关注，以在参与性和可持续发展框架内加强社会资本。
This study aims to understand the influence of AIDS stigma and discrimination, and social cohesion to HIV testing, and willingness to disclose an HIV status. A cross-sectional, interviewer administered survey (N=594) was conducted. Independent sample t-tests explored the mean differences between sex and age groups on stigma, discrimination, and social cohesion measurement. Logistic regression models were fitted with the above independent variables, and the binominal dependent variables: having had a test, willingness to have a test and disclose a positive status. The mean age of participants was 25.3 years and 60% were women. Only 28% had an HIV test, 63% were willing to have a test, and 82% reported a willingness to disclose an HIV status. High levels of stigma and discrimination were anticipated from the community, less so from their partners, and very little from families. Low levels of social distance exist towards people with HIV/AIDS, membership to social networks seems limited, and inadequate social support for people with HIV/AIDS was reported. The analysis indicates that AIDS stigma and discrimination, and inadequate social cohesion, limit access to voluntary counselling and testing (VCT), inhibit disclosure, and are, thus, barriers to care, support and prevention. Interventions need to extend the focus on information and education to strengthen social capital within a participatory and sustainable development framework.