The Health Effects of Video Games in Children and Adolescents
The Health Effects of Video Games in Children and Adolescents
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DOI：
10.1542/pir.2022-005666
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发表时间：
2023-01-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Alanko, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alanko, Daniel
游戏一直是童年的重要组成部分，但对于现代儿童来说，它看起来不同，他们越来越多地参与虚拟游戏。超过90%的2岁以上的儿童玩电子游戏，四分之三的美国家庭拥有电子游戏机。8至17岁的儿童平均每天花1.5至2小时玩电子游戏。经过几十年的研究，最近的发展已经让我们深入了解了游戏如何影响儿童的身体健康、心理健康、社会行为和认知发展。围绕媒体使用的预期指导通常以屏幕时间为中心，但儿科医生应该对这种几乎无处不在的活动的独特益处和风险有所了解。鉴于最近在《国际疾病分类》第11版中增加了游戏障碍，本综述包括对游戏障碍的流行病学、临床特征和诊断的讨论，包括现有筛查工具的使用。随着游戏变得越来越流行，同时游戏的范围和复杂性也在不断增加，本文旨在教育现代儿科医生，让他们知道什么是已知的，什么是不确定的，以及如何利用这些知识来管理儿童的健康和不健康的电子游戏。
Play has always been an essential part of childhood, but it looks different for modern children, who increasingly engage in virtual play. More than 90% of children older than 2 years play video games, and three-quarters of American households own a video game console. Children 8 to 17 years of age spend an average of 1.5 to 2 hours daily playing video games. Recent developments framed by decades of research have provided insight into how games influence children's physical health, mental health, social behaviors, and cognitive development. Anticipatory guidance surrounding media use is often centered on screen time, but pediatricians should have some knowledge of the unique benefits and risks associated with this nearly ubiquitous activity. In light of the recent addition of gaming disorder to the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, this review includes a discussion of the epidemiology, clinical features, and diagnosis of gaming disorder, including the use of existing screening tools. As games become more popular while ever-increasing in scope and complexity, this review aims to educate the modern pediatric provider about what is known, what is uncertain, and how to use this knowledge in the management of both healthy and unhealthy video gaming in children.