Land degradation and migration in a dry land region in India: extent, nature and determinants
Land degradation and migration in a dry land region in India: extent, nature and determinants
复制标题
印度旱地地区的土地退化和移民：范围、性质和决定因素
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Amita Shah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Amita Shah
摘要 移民文献认为环境限制是人口的主要推动因素之一，尤其是来自干旱地区的人口，那里水而不是土地是主要限制因素。本研究基于古吉拉特邦三个旱地地区一千多个家庭的原始数据，探讨了私人和公共土地资源退化对移民决策的影响。研究发现，经济资产和自然资本对短期和长期移民决策有不同的影响。因此，农村旱地地区创造的任何就业机会都可能帮助最贫困的人。公共土地资源的进一步退化会影响短期移民，但不会影响长期移民。因此，更好地管理公共资源将增强传统牧民社区的生计基础，并限制中等收入家庭的迁移。总体而言，在古吉拉特邦等干旱地区，灌溉的机会而不是土地所有权本身可能会阻碍移民。
ABSTRACT Migration literature has considered environmental constraints as one of the prime movers of populations, especially from dry regions, where water rather than land is the primary limiting factor. This study examines the impact of degradation of private as well as common pool land resources on migration decisions, based on primary data from over one thousand households in three dry land districts in Gujarat. The study finds that economic assets and natural capital have differential impacts on short-term and long-term migration decisions. Thus, any employment creation in rural dry land regions is likely to help the poorest. Further degradation of common-pool land resources influences short-term but not long-term migration. Therefore, better management of common-pool resources would strengthen the livelihood base of traditional herder communities and limit migration among middle-income households. Overall, in dry areas such as Gujarat, access to irrigation, rather than land ownership per se, is likely to deter migration.