First release of a fungal classical biocontrol agent against an invasive alien weed in Europe: biology of the rust, Puccinia komarovii var. glanduliferae
First release of a fungal classical biocontrol agent against an invasive alien weed in Europe: biology of the rust, Puccinia komarovii var. glanduliferae
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DOI：
10.1111/ppa.12352
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Ellison, C. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tanner, R. A.;Pollard, K. M.;Ellison, C. A.
锈菌Puccinia komarovii var.在2006年至2010年期间，首次鉴定出腺叶凤仙花（Impatiens glandulifera）感染腺叶凤仙花（Impatiens glandulifera）。随后，它作为一种经典的生物防治剂被进口到英国进行检疫评估。为了评估锈病的安全性，测试了与欧洲相关的植物物种的易感性。为了确认生活史，将所有感染孢子阶段接种在I. glandulifera跟踪疾病进展。利用漂白和低温引发冬孢子以打破休眠。进行了使用夏孢子的温度和露期实验以评估感染所需的参数。74种植物中，只有I.观赏植物凤仙花对夏孢子菌完全敏感。锈菌的生命周期--一种具有五个孢子阶段的全周期物种--得到了证实。脲孢子在5 ~ 25 ℃之间具有感染性，最适温度为15 ℃。需要至少8小时的露期以实现一致的感染。根据有害生物风险评估，锈病不会对欧盟成员国的本地生物多样性构成威胁;使P. komarovii var. glanduliferae是该地区第一个针对外来杂草的真菌经典生防剂的合适候选者。
The rust fungus Puccinia komarovii var. glanduliferae was first identified infecting Impatiens glandulifera in its native range (western Himalayas) between 2006 and 2010. Subsequently, it was imported into quarantine in the UK for evaluation as a classical biocontrol agent. To assess the safety of the rust, plant species relevant to Europe were tested for susceptibility. To confirm the life cycle, all infective spore stages were inoculated on I. glandulifera to follow disease progression. Teliospores were primed using bleaching and low temperatures to break dormancy. Temperature and dew period experiments using urediniospores were conducted to assess the parameters required for infection. Of the 74 plant species tested, only I. balsamina, an ornamental species, was fully susceptible to urediniospore inoculum. The life cycle of the rust - an autoecious, full-cycled species with five spore stages - was confirmed. Urediniospores were infective between 5 and 25 degrees C, with an optimum at 15 degrees C. A minimum of 8 h dew period was required to achieve consistent infection. Based on a pest risk assessment, the rust poses no threat to native biodiversity within EU Member States; making P. komarovii var. glanduliferae a suitable candidate as the first fungal classical biocontrol agent against an exotic weed in the region.