A synthesis of the ecosystem services impact of second generation bioenergy crop production
A synthesis of the ecosystem services impact of second generation bioenergy crop production
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rser.2015.02.003
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Robert A. Holland;F. Eigenbrod;A. Muggeridge;Gareth Brown;D. Clarke;G. Taylor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Robert A. Holland;F. Eigenbrod;A. Muggeridge;Gareth Brown;D. Clarke;G. Taylor
立法鼓励从第二代（2G）原料中生产生物能源，旨在解决一些有争议的问题，包括土地利用变化导致的碳排放和粮食生产中使用的作物竞争。在这里，我们综合了2G原料生产对气候调节之外的一系列关键生态系统服务的影响。我们考虑了典型的温带系统的原料（芒草、短轮作灌木林、短轮作林业）和从森林、边缘土地和第一代（1G）原料生产地区过渡而来的原料。研究表明，从1G原料过渡，可能会对许多生态系统服务产生重大好处，包括危害调节、病虫害防治、水和土壤质量。虽然现有证据较少，但将边际土地转换为2G生产可能会为某些服务带来好处，而对其他服务则大致保持中性。将森林转变为2G生产可能会减少一系列服务的提供，因为与管理周期缩短相关的干扰增加。最重要的是，需要进一步的研究来扩大和深化我们对向2G原料过渡对生态系统服务的影响的理解，为政策制定提供经验证据，特别是为可能出现景观规模效应的商业部署提供经验证据。一项基于生态系统服务框架的自然科学和社会科学相结合的研究计划，与大规模商业部署2G原料同时进行，将解决这一差距，为促进2G原料在广泛生态系统服务上的生产的政策有效性提供证据。
The production of bioenergy from second generation (2G) feedstocks is being encouraged by legislation targeted at addressing a number of controversial issues including carbon emissions driven by land-use change and competition for crops used in food production. Here, we synthesise the implications of 2G feedstock production for a range of key ecosystem services beyond climate regulation. We consider feedstocks typical of temperate systems (Miscanthus; short-rotation coppice, short rotation forestry) and transitions from areas of forest, marginal land and first generation (1G) feedstock production. For transitions from 1G feedstocks, studies suggest significant benefits may arise for a number of ecosystem services, including hazard regulation, disease and pest control, water and soil quality. Although less evidence is available, the conversion of marginal land to 2G production will likely deliver benefits for some services while remaining broadly neutral for others. Conversion of forest to 2G production will likely reduce the provision of a range of services due to increased disturbance associated with shortening of the management cycle. Most importantly, further research is needed to broaden, and deepen, our understanding of the implications of transitions to 2G feedstocks on ecosystem services, providing empirical evidence for policy development, particularly for commercial deployment where landscape scale effects may emerge. A programme of research that mixes both the natural and social sciences based on an ecosystem service framework, and occurs concurrently with large scale commercial deployment of 2G feedstocks, would address this gap, providing evidence on the effectiveness of policies to promote production of 2G feedstocks on a wide range of ecosystem services.