Dining hall at sea: feeding migrations of nektonic predators to the eastern Patagonian Shelf.
Dining hall at sea: feeding migrations of nektonic predators to the eastern Patagonian Shelf.
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海上餐厅：为迁徙到巴塔哥尼亚大陆架东部的游食性捕食者提供食物。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03359.x
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
A. Winter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Arkhipkin;P. Brickle;V. Laptikhovsky;A. Winter
分析了巴塔哥尼亚大陆架东部和大陆坡的游动捕食者相对丰度和生物量的季节变化；南半球生产力最高的大型海洋生态系统之一。温带或亚南极动物群的物种的几种迁徙类型被揭示。尽管生产力很高，但只有少数大型游动捕食者在东巴塔哥尼亚大陆架度过了整个生命周期，并且只使用了一小部分中游动资源。大部分资源被非居民游走性迁徙者开采，它们从遥远的产卵地迁徙到该地区。中上层和底层的鲨鱼和鳐鱼、阿根廷鱿鱼、金枪鱼和鳅鱼会在一年中的不同时间迁徙到巴塔哥尼亚大陆架东部觅食；根据其生命周期和产卵季节性，以季节性波浪形式到达。一些深水鱼类和鱿鱼在幼鱼时会迁移到陆架上获取资源，然后在成年后返回深水栖息地。据推测，中浮游和中游动消费者的大量生物量阻止了大多数较高营养水平的捕食者在该地区建立产卵种群，因为它们的幼虫和鱼苗将被捕食所淹没。相反，较高营养级的捕食者会在其他地方建立产卵和繁殖地，并在它们超出了自己的捕食脆弱性阶段后到达以中浮游和中游动资源为食。
Seasonal changes in relative abundance and biomass of nektonic predators were analysed on the eastern Patagonian Shelf and continental slope; one of the most productive large marine ecosystems of the southern hemisphere. Several migratory types were revealed for species belonging to either temperate or sub-Antarctic faunas. Despite high productivity, only a few large nektonic predators spend their entire life cycle on the eastern Patagonian Shelf and use only a small proportion of the meso-nektonic resource. Most of the resource is exploited by non-resident nektonic migrants, which move to the area from distant spawning grounds. Pelagic and demersal sharks and skates, the squid Illex argentinus, tunas and gadoids migrate to the eastern part of the Patagonian Shelf to feed at different times of the year; arriving in seasonal waves according to their life cycle and spawning seasonality. Some deepwater fishes and squid migrate onto the shelf as juveniles to harvest the resource, and then return to deepwater habitat as adults. It is hypothesized that the large biomass of meso-planktonic and meso-nektonic consumers prevents most higher-trophic level predators from establishing spawning populations in this area, as their larvae and fry would be overwhelmed by predation. Instead, the higher-trophic level predators establish spawning and nursery grounds elsewhere and arrive to feed on the meso-planktonic and meso-nektonic resources after they have outgrown their own stages of predation vulnerability.