Sampling matrices from Harish-Chandra–Itzykson–Zuber densities with applications to Quantum inference and differential privacy

Sampling matrices from Harish-Chandra–Itzykson–Zuber densities with applications to Quantum inference and differential privacy
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从 Harish-Chandra–Itzykson–Zuber 密度中采样矩阵及其在量子推理和差分隐私中的应用

DOI:
10.1145/3406325.3451094
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
STOC 2021: Proceedings of the 53rd Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Vishnoi, Nisheeth K.
Vishnoi, Nisheeth K.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Leake, Jonathan;McSwiggen, Colin;Vishnoi, Nisheeth K.

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给定两个厄米特矩阵Y和Λ,Harish-Chandra-Itzykson-Zuber(HCIZ)分布由酉群上关于Haar测度的密度Tr(UΛU*Y)给出。根据HCIZ分布分布的随机酉矩阵在物理学和随机矩阵理论中的各种设置中是重要的,但是从这种分布有效地采样的问题仍然是开放的。我们提出了两种算法来采样矩阵的分布是接近HCIZ分布。第一种方法产生的样本在总变异距离上是接近的,所需的算术运算次数取决于poly(log 1/log 2)。第二种方法产生的样本在无穷大发散上是接近的,但具有apoly(1/1)依赖性。我们的结果有以下应用:1)从统计学中研究的矩阵朗之万分布的复杂版本中采样的有效算法,2)从酉轨道上的连续最大熵分布中采样的有效算法,这又意味着从表示给定密度矩阵的熵最大化系综中采样纯量子态的有效算法,以及3)用于差分私有秩k近似的有效算法,其具有改进的效用界限fork>1。
Given two Hermitian matricesYand Λ, the Harish-Chandra–Itzykson–Zuber (HCIZ) distribution is given by the densityeTr(UΛU*Y)with respect to the Haar measure on the unitary group. Random unitary matrices distributed according to the HCIZ distribution are important in various settings in physics and random matrix theory, but the problem of sampling efficiently from this distribution has remained open. We present two algorithms to sample matrices from distributions that are close to the HCIZ distribution. The first produces samples that are ξ-close in total variation distance, and the number of arithmetic operations required depends onpoly(log1/ξ). The second produces samples that are ξ-close in infinity divergence, but with apoly(1/ξ) dependence. Our results have the following applications: 1) an efficient algorithm to sample from complex versions of matrix Langevin distributions studied in statistics, 2) an efficient algorithm to sample from continuous maximum entropy distributions over unitary orbits, which in turn implies an efficient algorithm to sample a pure quantum state from the entropy-maximizing ensemble representing a given density matrix, and 3) an efficient algorithm for differentially private rank-kapproximation that comes with improved utility bounds fork>1.
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