Greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generated by offshore wind farms
Greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generated by offshore wind farms
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DOI：
10.1016/j.renene.2014.07.023
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发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Britta Reimers;B. Özdirik;M. Kaltschmitt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Britta Reimers;B. Özdirik;M. Kaltschmitt
对于风力发电，海上发电站提供的风力条件比陆上好得多。与此同时，由于技术要求更高的风能转换器和用于工厂平衡的额外部件(例如底座)，对原材料的需求以及相关的环境影响都会增加。此外，由于环境问题，未来海上风电场将建在近海(即深水)，这将对运营和维护工作(O&M)产生重大影响。在此背景下，本分析的目标是评估特定温室气体(温室气体)排放量作为场地条件、风车技术和运行与维护必需品的函数。因此，定义了一个具有代表性的海上风电场，并对其进行了详细的生命周期评估。根据技术和物流系统内的参数变化和修改，针对不同的场地条件确定了关于温室气体排放的有希望的配置。结果表明，所有与能量产量相关的参数对温室气体比排放量都有显著的影响，而离岸距离和水深对结果的影响不大。通过利用给定的改进潜力，海上风电场的温室气体排放量与陆上实现的温室气体排放量相当。
For wind power generation offshore sites offer significantly better wind conditions compared to onshore. At the same time, the demand for raw materials and therefore the related environmental impacts increase due to technically more demanding wind energy converters and additional components (e.g. substructure) for the balance of plant. Additionally, due to environmental concerns offshore wind farms will be sited farshore (i.e. in deep water) in the future having a significant impact on the operation and maintenance efforts (O&M). Against this background the goal of this analysis is an assessment of the specific GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions as a function of the site conditions, the wind mill technology and the O&M necessities. Therefore, a representative offshore wind farm is defined and subjected to a detailed LCA (life cycle assessment). Based on parameter variations and modifications within the technical and logistical system, promising configurations regarding GHG emissions are determined for different site conditions. Results show, that all parameters related to the energy yield have a distinctive impact on the specific GHG emissions, whereas the distance to shore and the water depth affect the results marginally. By utilizing the given improvement potentials GHG emissions of electricity from offshore wind farms are comparable to those achieved onshore.