Schwann Cell Myelination
Schwann Cell Myelination
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a020529
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Salzer, James L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salzer, James L.
有髓神经纤维对于通过跳跃传导的动作电位的快速传播是必不可少的。它们的形成是轴突和许旺细胞之间相互作用的结果。来自轴突和细胞外基质的外部信号驱动许旺细胞采用髓鞘形成命运，而髓鞘形成重组轴突以发挥其传导作用，并且对其完整性至关重要。在这里，我们回顾我们目前的了解髓鞘雪旺细胞的发展，分子组织和功能。将描述驱动雪旺细胞髓鞘形成的外部信号，其同源受体以及它们激活的下游细胞内信号传导途径的最新发现。总之，这些研究提供了重要的新的见解，这些途径如何收敛，以激活髓鞘形成的转录级联反应，并重塑肌动蛋白细胞骨架，这是至关重要的髓鞘的形态发生。
Myelinated nerve fibers are essential for the rapid propagation of action potentials by saltatory conduction. They form as the result of reciprocal interactions between axons and Schwann cells. Extrinsic signals from the axon, and the extracellular matrix, drive Schwann cells to adopt a myelinating fate, whereas myelination reorganizes the axon for its role in conduction and is essential for its integrity. Here, we review our current understanding of the development, molecular organization, and function of myelinating Schwann cells. Recent findings into the extrinsic signals that drive Schwann cell myelination, their cognate receptors, and the downstream intracellular signaling pathways they activate will be described. Together, these studies provide important new insights into how these pathways converge to activate the transcriptional cascade of myelination and remodel the actin cytoskeleton that is critical for morphogenesis of the myelin sheath.