Disparities in Adverse Preconception Risk Factors Between Women with and Without Disabilities.
Disparities in Adverse Preconception Risk Factors Between Women with and Without Disabilities.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10995-015-1848-1
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Smith LD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mitra M;Clements KM;Zhang J;Smith LD
本研究的目的是比较残疾妇女和非残疾妇女中某些孕前健康指标的流行情况。2010年行为风险因素监测系统数据用于估计18-44岁（N=8,370）和非残疾（N=48,036）未怀孕妇女的健康行为、健康状况指标和预防保健的流行情况。粗百分比比较采用卡方统计。多变量逻辑回归校正了社会人口因素。残疾女性目前吸烟的可能性比非残疾女性高（30.5%比14.5%,p<0.0001），过去一个月锻炼的可能性较低（67.1%比79.8%,p<0.0001）。两组的重度饮酒情况相似（4.4%对4.5%,p=0.9）。残疾妇女的健康状况指标更差，35.0%报告健康状况一般/较差，12.4%报告患有糖尿病，而无残疾妇女的这一比例分别为6.7%和5.6%（两者的p<0.0001）。与非残疾女性相比，残疾女性频繁出现精神困扰、肥胖、哮喘和缺乏情感支持的比例也更高。残疾妇女更有可能获得某些类型的预防保健（艾滋病毒），但较少可能获得其他类型的预防保健（最近的牙齿清洁，例行检查）。在调整社会人口因素后，两组之间的健康行为和健康状况指标仍然存在差异。与非残疾妇女相比，育龄残疾妇女更容易受到与不良妊娠结果相关的风险因素的影响。我们的研究结果强调了对残疾妇女进行孕前保健的必要性。
The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of select preconception health indicators among women with and without disabilities. 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data were used to estimate the prevalence of health behaviors, health status indicators, and preventive health care among non-pregnant women ages 18–44 years with (N=8,370) and without (N=48,036) disabilities. Crude percentages were compared with chi-square statistics. Multivariable logistic regressions adjusted for socio-demographic factors. Women with disabilities were more likely than women without disabilities to currently smoke (30.5% vs. 14.5%, p<0.0001) and less likely to exercise in the past month (67.1% vs. 79.8%, p<0.0001). Heavy drinking was similar in the two groups (4.4% vs. 4.5%, p=0.9). Health status indicators were worse among women with disabilities, with 35.0% reporting fair/poor health and 12.4% reporting diabetes, compared with 6.7% and 5.6%, respectively, among women with no disabilities (p<0.0001 for both). Frequent mental distress, obesity, asthma, and lack of emotional support were also higher among women with disabilities compared with their non-disabled counterparts. Women with disabilities were more likely to receive some types of preventive care, (HIV), but less likely to receive others (recent dental cleaning, routine checkup). Disparities in health behaviors and health status indicators between the two groups remained after adjusting for socio-demographic factors. Women with disabilities at reproductive age are more vulnerable to risk factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to their counterparts without disabilities. Our findings highlight the need for preconception health care for women with disabilities.