Spatiotemporal changes of wheat phenology in China under the effects of temperature, day length and cultivar thermal characteristics
Spatiotemporal changes of wheat phenology in China under the effects of temperature, day length and cultivar thermal characteristics
复制标题
温度、日照长度及品种热特性影响下中国小麦物候时空变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.eja.2012.07.005
复制
发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Zhang, Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tao, Fulu;Zhang, Shuai;Zhang, Zhao
研究作物大田物候的时空变化，对于了解作物对气候变化的响应和适应的过程和机制具有重要意义。在这里，我们研究了中国所在的100多个国家农业气象试验站1981-2007年的小麦物候期。给出了小麦物候和季节温度的时空变化及其相互关系。在调查期间，108个站点中有43个站点的抽穗期显著提前；109个站点中有41个站点的成熟期显著提前。生育期(从播种到成熟期)和营养生长期(从播种到抽穗)的长度在约30%的站点显著缩短，特别是中国西北部的春小麦，尽管这两个时期的热量积累增加了。相反，尽管与平均温度呈显著负相关，但由于作物品种温度需求的增加或/和平均温度的降低，60%的调查站点生殖生长期(从抽穗到成熟)的长度增加。结果表明，气候变化除了受农艺因素的复杂影响外，还对小麦物候的变化有重要影响。由于播期推迟或抽穗期提前，大部分调查站点营养生长期的平均日长呈下降趋势，这抵消了温度对营养生长期的控制作用。深入的分析表明，从播种到几乎每个发育阶段的热量需求都有所增加，但完成每个单一发育阶段的热量需求变化不同，有增加产量和适应持续气候变化的趋势。我们的发现对改进气候变化影响研究、育种科学家培育高产品种以及农业生产应对持续的气候变化具有重要意义。(C)2012爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Investigating the spatiotemporal changes of crop phenology in field is important to understand the processes and mechanisms of crop response and adaption to ongoing climate change. Here, the wheat phenology at more than 100 national agro-meteorological experiment stations across China spanning the years 1981-2007 was examined. Spatiotemporal changes of wheat phenology and seasonal temperature, as well as the correlations between them were presented. During the investigation period, heading dates advanced significantly at 43 stations from the 108 investigated stations: maturity dates advanced significantly at 41 stations from the 109 investigated stations. Lengths of growing period (from sowing to maturity) and vegetative growing period (from sowing to heading) were significantly reduced at about 30% of the investigated stations, especially for spring wheat in northwestern China, despite thermal accumulation during the periods increased. In contrast, although significantly and negatively related to mean temperature, lengths of reproductive growing period (from heading to maturity) increased at 60% of the investigated stations, owing to increase in crop cultivars thermal requirements or/and decrease in mean temperature. The results showed that besides the complex influences of agronomic factors, climate change contributed substantially to the shift of wheat phenology. Mean day length during vegetative growing period had a decreasing trend at most of the investigated stations owing to delay of sowing date or/and advancement of heading date, which counterbalanced the roles of temperature in controlling the duration of vegetative growing period. In-depth analyses showed that thermal requirements from sowing to almost each development stage increased, however the thermal requirements to complete each single development stage changed differently, which tended to increase yield and adapt to ongoing climate change. Our findings have important implications for improving climate change impact studies, for breeding scientists to breed higher yielding cultivars, and for agricultural production to cope with ongoing climate change. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.