Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione
Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione
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DOI：
10.3762/bjnano.10.175
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发表时间：
2019-09-02
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Vrcek, Ivana Vinkovic
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pem, Barbara;Pongrac, Igor M.;Vrcek, Ivana Vinkovic
本研究旨在评价内源性生物硫醇（半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽）与生物医学相关的金属纳米颗粒（银纳米颗粒（AgNP）和金纳米颗粒（AuNP））之间的纳米生物相互作用，以评估纳米颗粒在生物系统中的生物相容性和归宿。系统和全面的分析表明，在生物硫醇存在下制备AgNP和AuNP导致用氧化形式的生物硫醇稳定的纳米颗粒。通过评价小鼠成纤维细胞（L929）的细胞活力、活性氧（ROS）产生、凋亡诱导和DNA损伤来测试其安全性，同时使用水生模式生物大型蚤（Daphnia magna）测试生态毒性。这些纳米颗粒的毒性与它们的离子金属形式（即，Ag+和Au 3+）。与聚合物包覆的纳米颗粒上发表的数据的比较证明，用生物硫醇进行表面改性使它们对生物环境更安全。对人类细胞的体外评估表明，在半胱氨酸存在下制备的AgNP和AuNP的毒性与具有相同核心材料的基于聚合物的纳米颗粒相似，而使用谷胱甘肽用于纳米颗粒稳定的毒性显著降低。这些结果对理解生物硫醇对金属基纳米材料的命运和行为的作用做出了重大贡献。
This study was designed to evaluate the nano-bio interactions between endogenous biothiols (cysteine and glutathione) with biomedically relevant, metallic nanoparticles (silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)), in order to assess the biocompatibility and fate of nanoparticles in biological systems. A systematic and comprehensive analysis revealed that the preparation of AgNPs and AuNPs in the presence of biothiols leads to nanoparticles stabilized with oxidized forms of biothiols. Their safety was tested by evaluation of cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis induction and DNA damage in murine fibroblast cells (L929), while ecotoxicity was tested using the aquatic model organism Daphnia magna. The toxicity of these nanoparticles was considerably lower compared to their ionic metal forms (i.e., Ag+ and Au3+). The comparison with data published on polymer-coated nanoparticles evidenced that surface modification with biothiols made them safer for the biological environment. In vitro evaluation on human cells demonstrated that the toxicity of AgNPs and AuNPs prepared in the presence of cysteine was similar to the polymer-based nanoparticles with the same core material, while the use of glutathione for nanoparticle stabilization was considerably less toxic. These results represent a significant contribution to understanding the role of biothiols on the fate and behavior of metal-based nanomaterials.