Base rates of malingering and symptom exaggeration
Base rates of malingering and symptom exaggeration
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DOI：
10.1076/jcen.24.8.1094.8379
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Condit, DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mittenberg, W;Patton, C;Condit, DC
根据美国临床神经心理学委员会成员的调查报告，可能的装病和症状夸大的基本比率。估计数是根据每年33 531起涉及人身伤害的案件作出的。（n= 6，371），残疾（n= 3，688）。刑事（n= 1，341）或医疗（n= 22，131）事项，基本费率在地理区域或实践环境之间没有差异，但与原告与被告转介的比例有关。如果转诊来源的差异得到控制，报告的发生率将高出2-4%。29%的人身伤害，30%的残疾，19%的犯罪和8%的医疗案件涉及可能的装病和症状夸大。39%的轻度头部损伤、35%的纤维肌痛/慢性疲劳、31%的慢性疼痛、27%的神经毒性和22%的电损伤索赔导致了可能的装病诊断印象。诊断得到了多种证据来源的支持。包括与病情不一致的认知障碍的严重程度（65%的病例）或模式（64%的病例），在强迫选择测试中低于经验截止值的分数（57%的病例）。记录之间的差异。自我报告和观察到的行为（56%），不可信的自我报告症状的采访（46%），不可信的变化，在重复检查的测试分数（45%），和有效性量表的客观人格测试（38%的情况下）。
Base rates of probable malingering and symptom exaggeration are reported from a survey of the American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology membership. Estimates were based on 33,531 annual cases involved in personal injury. (n=6,371), disability (n=3,688). criminal (n=1,341) or medical (n=22,131) matters, Base rates did not differ among geographic regions or practice settings, but were related to the proportion of plaintiff versus defence referrals. Reported rates would be 2-4% higher if variance due to referral source was controlled. Twenty-nine percent of personal injury, 30% of disability, 19% of criminal, and 8% of medical cases involved probable malingering and symptom exaggeration. Thirty-nine percent of mild head injury, 35% of fibromyalgia/chronic fatigue, 31% of chronic pain, 27% of neurotoxic, and 22% of electrical injury claims resulted in diagnostic impressions of probable malingering. Diagnosis was supported by multiple sources of evidence. including severity (65% of cases) or pattern (64% of cases) of cognitive impairment that was inconsistent with the condition, scores below empirical cutoff's on forced choice tests (57% of cases). discrepancies among records. self-report, and observed behavior (56%) implausible self-reported symptoms in interview (46%), implausible changes in test scores across repeated examination (45%), and validity scales on objective personality tests (38% of cases).