Chemoprevention in Gastrointestinal Physiology and Disease. Natural products and microbiome
Chemoprevention in Gastrointestinal Physiology and Disease. Natural products and microbiome
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.00044.2014
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Umar, Shahid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Greiner, Allen K.;Papineni, Rao V. L.;Umar, Shahid
人体肠道内有一个复杂的肠道细菌生态系统，这些细菌在宿主的健康中发挥着重要作用。人们普遍认为，富含植物性食物的饮食对个人的健康和福祉有许多好处。在成年人中，水果和蔬菜比例高，肉类消费量低的饮食与高度多样化的微生物群相关，并且与拟杆菌相比，由更丰富的普雷沃氏菌定义，而相反的是与含有低比例植物性食物的饮食相关。从哲学的角度来看，我们对加工食品的消费，抗生素和消毒剂的广泛使用，以及我们的现代生活方式可能永远改变了我们古老的肠道微生物组。我们可能永远无法识别或恢复我们的微生物组到它们的祖先状态，但是通过饮食调节来操纵特定的肠道微生物物种或物种群可能会为现代社会中普遍存在的疾病提供新的治疗方法，例如功能性胃肠道疾病，肥胖和与年龄相关的营养缺乏症。我们相信，这将成为健康研究的一个越来越重要的领域。
The human intestinal tract harbors a complex ecosystem of commensal bacteria that play a fundamental role in the well-being of their host. There is a general consensus that diet rich in plant-based foods has many advantages in relation to the health and well-being of an individual. In adults, diets that have a high proportion of fruit and vegetables and a low consumption of meat are associated with a highly diverse microbiota and are defined by a greater abundance of Prevotella compared with Bacteroides, whereas the reverse is associated with a diet that contains a low proportion of plant-based foods. In a philosophical term, our consumption of processed foods, widespread use of antibiotics and disinfectants, and our modern lifestyle may have forever altered our ancient gut microbiome. We may never be able to identify or restore our microbiomes to their ancestral state, but dietary modulation to manipulate specific gut microbial species or groups of species may offer new therapeutic approaches to conditions that are prevalent in modern society, such as functional gastrointestinal disorders, obesity, and age-related nutritional deficiency. We believe that this will become an increasingly important area of health research.