Comparison of plasma alkylresorcinols (AR) and urinary AR metabolites as biomarkers of compliance in a short-term, whole-grain intervention study
Comparison of plasma alkylresorcinols (AR) and urinary AR metabolites as biomarkers of compliance in a short-term, whole-grain intervention study
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DOI：
10.1007/s00394-015-0936-8
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Chen, C-Y. Oliver
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McKeown, Nicola M.;Marklund, Matti;Chen, C-Y. Oliver
烷基间苯二酚（AR）是存在于小麦和黑麦麸皮中的酚类脂质。血浆AR及其尿代谢产物可能是全麦（WG）小麦和黑麦消费的合适生物标志物。在一项随机交叉研究中，19名受试者（10名男性，9名女性; BMI 22.0 kg/m2;年龄26岁）将3份（48 g）或6份（96 g）WG小麦纳入日常饮食中，持续1周。受试者在每次干预前完成2周的洗脱期，放弃所有WG消费。在每次干预前后采集空腹血和24小时尿。血浆AR同系物（C19：0，C21：0，C23：0）在乙醚和固相萃取和衍生化后通过GC-MS定量。尿AR代谢物[3，5-二羟基苯甲酸和3-（3，5-二羟基苯基）-丙酸]在酶解偶联和乙酸乙酯提取后使用HPLC和电化学检测进行测定。与3份WG小麦相比，6份WG小麦后尿总AR代谢物显著更高（56对32 μ mol/天，P < 0.001）。这种剂量-反应关系与年龄、性别、能量摄入和基线尿AR代谢物浓度无关。与3份WG小麦相比，6份WG小麦后血浆总AR倾向于更高（103.0 vs. 86.9 nmol/L），但这种差异不显著（P = 0.42）。结果表明，来自24小时尿液收集的尿AR代谢产物可作为WG小麦干预研究中依从性的生物标志物。
Alkylresorcinols (AR) are phenolic lipids present in the bran of wheat and rye. Plasma AR and their urinary metabolites may be suitable biomarkers of whole-grain (WG) wheat and rye consumption. The objective of this study was to examine plasma AR and urinary AR metabolites in response to WG wheat consumption.In a randomized crossover study, 19 subjects (10 males, 9 females; BMI 22.0 kg/m(2); age 26 years) incorporated either 3 servings (48 g) or 6 servings (96 g) of WG wheat daily into their regular diet for 1 week. Subjects completed a 2-week washout period, abstaining from all WG consumption, before each intervention. Fasting blood and 24-h urine were collected before and after each intervention. Plasma AR homologues (C19:0, C21:0, C23:0) were quantified by GC-MS after diethyl ether and solid phase extraction and derivatization. Urinary AR metabolites [3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-propanoic acid] were determined using HPLC with electrochemical detection after enzymatic deconjugation and ethyl acetate extraction.Urinary total AR metabolites were significantly higher after 6 compared with 3 servings of WG wheat (56 vs. 32 mu mol/day, P < 0.001). This dose-response relationship was independent of age, sex, energy intake, and baseline urinary AR metabolite concentration. Plasma total AR tended to be higher after 6 compared with 3 servings of WG wheat (103.0 vs. 86.9 nmol/L), but this difference was not significant (P = 0.42).The results suggest that urinary AR metabolites from 24-h urine collections may be useful as biomarkers of compliance in intervention studies of WG wheat.