DOES MENTAL PRACTICE ENHANCE PERFORMANCE
DOES MENTAL PRACTICE ENHANCE PERFORMANCE
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DOI：
10.1037/0021-9010.79.4.481
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发表时间：
1994-08-01
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
MORAN, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DRISKELL, JE;COPPER, C;MORAN, A
心理练习是在表演之前对任务进行的认知排练。尽管大多数研究人员认为心理练习是提高表现的有效手段，但无法达成明确的共识，因为（a）心理练习的定义通常很宽松，几乎包括任何类型的心理准备；（b）经验结果尚无定论。对心理练习文献进行荟萃分析，以确定心理练习对表现的影响，并确定心理练习最有效的条件。结果表明，心理练习对表现有积极且显着的影响，并且心理练习的有效性受到任务类型、练习与表现之间的保留间隔以及心理练习干预的长度或持续时间的调节。
Mental practice is the cognitive rehearsal of a task prior to performance. Although most researchers contend that mental practice is an effective means of enhancing performance, a clear consensus is precluded because (a) mental practice is often defined so loosely as to include almost any type of mental preparation and (b) empirical results are inconclusive. A meta-analysis of the literature on mental practice was conducted to determine the effect of mental practice on performance and to identify conditions under which mental practice is most effective. Results indicated that mental practice has a positive and significant effect on performance, and the effectiveness of mental practice was moderated by the type of task, the retention interval between practice and performance, and the length or duration of the mental practice intervention.