Prevalence of the Crayfish Plague Pathogen Aphanomyces astaci in Invasive American Crayfishes in the Czech Republic
Prevalence of the Crayfish Plague Pathogen Aphanomyces astaci in Invasive American Crayfishes in the Czech Republic
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01240.x
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Petrusek, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kozubikova, Eva;Filipova, L.;Petrusek, A.
在中欧，入侵的北美小龙虾是引起小龙虾瘟疫的卵菌Aphanomyces astaci的携带者。这种致命的疾病目前是欧洲本土小龙虾的主要威胁之一。我们使用分子生物学方法--种特异性扩增和病原体DNA测序--来调查潜伏感染A. astaci在28个种群的两个入侵的美国小龙虾物种（6的信号小龙虾[细鳞螯虾]和22的刺颊小龙虾[Orconectes limosus]）在捷克共和国。该病原体发生在17个调查群体中。我们记录了高变异的阳性反应，从0%到100%，在人口的O。limosus。然而，在P. leniusculus中，124个个体中只有一个对病原体检测呈阳性。水体类型与病原菌流行有明显关系。limosus。在孤立的常设沃茨的感染率通常较低，而在运行的沃茨，病原体流行率往往超过50%。潜在鼠疫病原体携带者的其他评价特征（大小、性别和角质层中存在黑化斑点）似乎与感染无关。我们的数据表明，与其他欧洲国家相比，O。limosus似乎是捷克共和国小龙虾瘟疫的主要宿主。虽然所有外来美洲小龙虾的人口可能是潜在的感染源，并应这样管理，知识鼠疫病原体在各地的流行可能允许管理人员将保护工作的重点放在最直接濒危的本地小龙虾种群。
In Central Europe invasive North American crayfishes are carriers of the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, which causes crayfish plague. This lethal disease currently represents one of the major threats to native European crayfishes. We used molecular methods-species-specific amplification and sequencing of the pathogen DNA-to investigate the prevalence of individuals latently infected with A. astaci in 28 populations of two invasive American crayfish species (6 of the signal crayfish [Pacifastacus leniusculus] and 22 of the spiny-cheek crayfish [Orconectes limosus]) in the Czech Republic. The pathogen occurred in 17 investigated populations. We recorded a high variation in positive reactions, ranging from 0% to 100%, in populations of O. limosus. In P. leniusculus, however, only one individual out of 124 tested positive for the pathogen. There was a clear relationship between the water body type and pathogen prevalence in O. limosus. Infection ratios in isolated standing waters were usually low, whereas in running waters, pathogen prevalence often exceeded 50%. Other evaluated characteristics of potential plague pathogen carriers (size, sex, and the presence of melanized spots in the cuticle) seemed to be unrelated to infection. Our data suggest that in contrast to other European countries, O. limosus seems to be the primary reservoir of crayfish plague in the Czech Republic. Although all populations of alien American crayfishes may be potential sources of infections and should be managed as such, knowledge on the prevalence of the plague pathogen at various localities may allow managers to focus conservation efforts on the most directly endangered populations of native crayfishes.