Planimetric and volumetric glacier changes in the Khumbu Himal, Nepal, since 1962 using Corona, Landsat TM and ASTER data
Planimetric and volumetric glacier changes in the Khumbu Himal, Nepal, since 1962 using Corona, Landsat TM and ASTER data
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DOI：
10.3189/002214308786570782
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kunert, Andre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bolch, Tobias;Buchroithner, Manfred;Kunert, Andre
利用1962年（Corona KH-4）、1992年（Landsat TM）、2001年和2005年（Terra ASTER）的多时相空间图像对尼泊尔昆布冰川变化进行了调查。1962年至2005年，调查区的冰覆盖率下降了约5%，最高的退缩率发生在1992年至2001年。随着冰川总面积的减少，冰川覆盖率也随之增加。净冰面积减少> 10%。在这种高起伏地形中，从早期的Corona KH-4立体数据生成数字地形模型（DTM）是耗时的，并且结果仍然包含一些高程误差。然而，这些都是轻微的无雪地区与缓坡。因此，基于Corona DTM和ASTER DTM的碎片覆盖的冰舌表面的比较是可行的，并显示了碎片覆盖的冰川的向下萎缩。最高的下消速率，超过20米（>0.5米a（-1）），可以发现附近的过渡区之间的活动和停滞冰川部分的碎片覆盖的冰川舌。在活跃冰区和有厚碎屑覆盖的鼻端，向下耗损较低，但仍然明显。研究区域内所有被碎片覆盖的冰川都表现出类似的行为。被调查的碎片覆盖的冰舌的体积损失估计为0.19 km（3）。
Multitemporal space imagery from 1962 (Corona KH-4), 1992 (Landsat TM), 2001 and 2005 (Terra ASTER) was used to investigate the glacier changes in the Khumbu Himal, Nepal. The ice coverage in the investigation area decreased by about 5% between 1962 and 2005, with the highest retreat rates occurring between 1992 and 2001. The debris coverage increased concomitantly with the decrease in total glacier area. The clean-ice area decreased by >10%. Digital terrain model (DTM) generation from the early Corona KH-4 stereo data in this high-relief terrain is time-consuming, and the results still contain some elevation errors. However, these are minor in the snow-free areas with gentle slopes. Thus comparison of the surfaces of the debris-covered glacier tongues based on the Corona DTM and an ASTER DTM is feasible and shows the downwasting of the debris-covered glaciers. The highest downwasting rates, more than 20 m (>0.5 m a(-1)), can be found near the transition zone between the active and the stagnant glacier parts of the debris-covered glacier tongues. The downwasting is lower, but still evident, in the active ice areas and at the snout with thick debris cover. All investigated debris-covered glaciers in the study area show similar behaviour. The estimated volume loss for the investigated debris-covered glacier tongues is 0.19 km(3).