Science in support of coastal ocean forecasting—part 1
Science in support of coastal ocean forecasting—part 1
复制标题
支持沿海海洋预报的科学——第 1 部分
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Kourafalou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. De Mey;E. Stanev;V. Kourafalou
在沿海地区的活动和人口不断增加的同时，对沿海环境的相关压力也急剧增加，因此，对沿海和陆架海的海流和海洋参数进行监测和预报的需求变得更加迫切（例如，De Mey等人，2009年; De Mey和Kourafalou，2014年）。大规模海洋建模、观测和预报项目提供的产品随处可见，但这些产品在沿海地区的相关性往往不足（De Mey和普罗克特，2009年）。由于在沿海地区发现的小尺度、高频率、耦合的沿海动力学和海洋地球化学过程，以及由于海岸线、大陆架、沿海河流和其他独特要素的存在，必须在大尺度、区域和沿海海洋预报系统（例如，Stanev et al. 2016）。为此，必须推动科学作为一项社区努力：正如Kourafalou等人（2015年a，B）所述，这是沿海海洋和大陆架海洋任务组（COSS-TT）在全球海洋数据分析系统海洋视图（GOV，www.godae-oceanview.org）内的目标。迄今为止，五次成功的COSS-TT国际会议帮助确定了发展沿海海洋预报系统所需科学的优先领域：（a）监测沿海地区的物理和地球化学参数（包括与沿海测高界的积极联系）;（B）发展精细比例沿海海洋模型;（c）综合专题：将海洋估算问题从大尺度缩小到沿海尺度模型、数据和强迫、沿海数据同化和预测以及一致的验证指标;（d）沿海尺度大气-波浪-海洋耦合;（e）生态系统对物理驱动因素的反应;（f）沿海海洋包括极端事件的概率方法和风险评估。本论文集中收集了跨越这些边界的主题：（1）沿海监测和阵列设计，（2）沿海建模，集成和模型数据协同，（3）沿海数据同化和预测，以及（4）沿海应用。所有捐款的摘要载于下文。
In parallel to the ever increasing activities and population in the coastal regions, and to the critical growth of the associated stresses on the coastal environment, the need for monitoring and forecasting of currents and marine parameters in the coastal and shelf seas is becoming more pressing (e.g. De Mey et al. 2009; De Mey and Kourafalou 2014). Largescale ocean modeling, observational, and forecasting projects provide products which are available everywhere, but the relevance of those products in coastal regions is often found inadequate (De Mey and Proctor 2009). Because of the smaller-scale, higher-frequency, coupled coastal dynamical, and biogeochemical processes found in coastal regions, and because of the presence of the coastline, shelves, coastal rivers, and other unique elements, specific coastal modeling, observational, and forecasting strategies have to be designed, within a general paradigm of integration between large-scale, regional, and coastal ocean forecasting systems (e.g., Stanev et al. 2016). Science has to be advanced to that end, as a community effort: this is what the Coastal Ocean and Shelf Seas Task Team (COSS-TT) aims to do within GODAE Ocean View (GOV, www.godae-oceanview.org), as illustrated in Kourafalou et al. (2015a, b). Five successful international COSS-TT meetings so far helped define priority areas where science is needed for the development of Coastal Ocean Forecasting Systems: (a) monitoring of physical and biogeochemical parameters in coastal regions (including active links with the coastal altimetry community); (b) development of fine-scale coastal ocean models; (c) integration topics: downscaling the ocean estimation problem from large-scale to coastalscale models, data and forcings, coastal data assimilation and prediction, and consistent validation metrics; (d) coastal-scale atmosphere-wave-ocean couplings; (e) ecosystem response to the physical drivers; (f) probabilistic approaches and risk assessment in the coastal ocean, including extreme events. Papers in this collection have been gathered in themes which cut across those boundaries: (1) coastal monitoring and array design, (2) coastal modeling, integration, and model-data synergy, (3) coastal data assimilation and prediction, and (4) coastal applications. A summary of all contributions is included below.