The rituals, fears and phobias of young children: Insights from development, psychopathology and neurobiology
The rituals, fears and phobias of young children: Insights from development, psychopathology and neurobiology
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1021392931450
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Leckman, JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evans, DW;Gray, FL;Leckman, JF
这项研究考察了61名1至7岁儿童的仪式性、强迫性行为与规范性恐惧和恐惧症的关系。父母报告了他们孩子的仪式性习惯，以及反映了我们之前所说的“强迫症”行为的完美主义行为。家长还报告了孩子的恐惧和恐惧症。结果表明，儿童仪式性和强迫性行为的各个方面都与儿童的恐惧和恐怖有关。发展差异是存在的，年龄较小的儿童(4岁)重复的强迫性行为与诸如陌生和分离焦虑之类的“强迫性”恐惧有关，而年龄较大的儿童(4岁)的强迫性行为与更具体的“背景”恐惧相关，例如对污染、死亡的恐惧，以及经常与对市中心的担忧有关的恐惧(如窃贼、袭击等)。这些发现是从规范和病理性仪式、恐惧和恐惧症之间的现象学和可能的神经生物学连续性的角度来讨论的。
This study examined the relationship between ritualistic, compulsive-like behaviors and normative fears and phobias in 61 children ranging from 1 to 7 years of age. Parents reported on their children's ritualistic habits, and perfectionistic behaviors that reflect what we have previously called "compulsive-like" behaviors. Parents also reported on their children's fears and phobias. Results indicated that various aspects of children's ritualistic and compulsive-like behaviors are correlated with children's fears and phobias. Developmental differences existed such that younger children's (< 4 years) repetitive, compulsive-like behaviors were related to "prepotent" fears such as stranger and separation anxieties, whereas the compulsive-like behaviors of older children (> 4 years) were correlated with more specific, "contextual" fears such as fears of contamination, death, and fears often associated with concerns of the inner city such as burglars, assault, etc. These findings are discussed in terms of the phenomenologic and possible neurobiological continuities between normative and pathologic rituals, fears and phobias.