Seeing what is not there shows the costs of perceptual learning
Seeing what is not there shows the costs of perceptual learning
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0501026102
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发表时间：
2005-06-21
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Watanabe, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seitz, AR;Nanez, JE;Watanabe, T
知觉学习是一种经过训练的感官能力的提高，被认为可以帮助我们更好地适应感官环境。在这里，我们表明知觉学习也会导致误解，比如当没有物理呈现的刺激时，受试者实际上会感知到刺激。学习后，受试者不仅在训练刺激的运动方向测试中表现出更好的表现，而且在没有刺激的情况下，他们也经常报告看到点在训练的方向上运动。我们进一步表明，这些误解不能归因于反应偏差。这些结果表明，感知学习既有好处也有代价，并且对特定特征的性能增强也可能伴随着对视觉环境的误解。
Perceptual learning is an improvement in one's sensory abilities after training and is thought to help us to better adapt to the sensory environment. Here, we show that perceptual learning also can lead to misperceptions, such that subjects actually perceive stimuli when none are physically presented. After learning, subjects not only showed enhanced performance when tested with the motion direction of the trained stimulus but also often reported seeing dots moving in the trained direction when no stimulus was displayed. We further show that these misperceptions are not attributable to a response bias. These results show that there are costs as well as benefits to perceptual learning and that performance enhancements for a specific feature also can be accompanied by misperceptions of the visual environment.