Smart power to the people: Business models for engaging domestic energy users in smart local energy systems in Britain
Smart power to the people: Business models for engaging domestic energy users in smart local energy systems in Britain
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DOI：
10.1016/j.erss.2024.103443
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发表时间：
2024-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Braunholtz-Speight;M. Sharmina;Dimitrios Pappas;Janette Webb;Fabián Fuentes-González;M. Hannon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Braunholtz-Speight;M. Sharmina;Dimitrios Pappas;Janette Webb;Fabián Fuentes-González;M. Hannon
智能本地能源系统（SLES）是一种脱碳能源系统的方法，它利用能源用户的需求管理来整合间歇性可再生能源。因此，SLES要求能源用户越来越积极地参与能源系统的运作。我们采访了英国现有地方能源系统的运营商和开发商，了解他们的商业模式，以及他们如何与用户互动。我们发现，用户被视为当地能源系统的有效运作的关键。运营商支持用户发挥这一作用，或者通过提供咨询意见，或者通过尽量减少用户需要适应新技术和技术的数量。这些用户通常与当地的能源系统有实际连接，无法轻易切换到不同的系统。由于广泛部署SLES将需要目前可以轻松切换供应商的国内用户的参与，因此更好的用户参与是SLES的关键挑战。我们与当地能源系统利益相关者举办了两次研讨会，以开发商业模式来应对这一挑战。我们提出了两个概要的商业模式，旨在提供更多的消费者保护和支持SLES用户。我们利用智能能源用户的文献来分析现有的系统和我们概述的新的商业模式，讨论支撑他们的用户的概念化，他们的治理和潜在的利益冲突，以及他们为谁创造价值。最后，我们提出了政策建议，以最大限度地发挥这些商业模式的潜力，为社会公平地获得SLES。
Smart Local Energy Systems (SLES) are proposed as a method of decarbonising energy systems that uses demand management by energy users to integrate intermittent renewables. SLES therefore require the increasingly active participation of energy users in the operation of energy systems. We spoke to operators and developers of existing local energy systems in Britain today, to understand their business models, and how they interact with users. We find that users are seen as critical to the effective operation of local energy systems. Operators support users to play this role, either through providing advice, or through minimising the amount of adapting to new technologies and techniques users are required to do. Often these users are physically connected to the local energy system, and cannot easily switch to a different system.As widespread deployment of SLES will require the participation of domestic users who currently can easily switch suppliers, better user engagement is a key challenge for SLES. We ran two workshops with local energy system stakeholders to develop business models to address this challenge. We present two outline business models designed to provide increased consumer protection and support to SLES users. We draw on the literature on smart energy users to analyse existing systems and our outline novel business models, discussing the conceptualisation of users that underpins them, their governance and potential conflicts of interest, and who they create value for. We end with suggestions for policy to maximise the potential of these business models to provide socially equitable access to SLES.