MORPHOSOURCE: ARCHIVING AND SHARING 3-D DIGITAL SPECIMEN DATA
MORPHOSOURCE: ARCHIVING AND SHARING 3-D DIGITAL SPECIMEN DATA
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Morphossource：存档和共享 3D 数字样本数据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Timothy M. McGeary
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Boyer;G. Gunnell;Seth Kaufman;Timothy M. McGeary
古生物学和生物学理解的进步一直因难以获取比较数据而受到阻碍。利用当前和新兴的技术，可以大大降低这种障碍的严重性。研究人员和博物馆工作人员生成博物馆标本的三维 (3-D) 数字模型，可以使用互联网存储库对其进行存档，然后其他研究人员和个人无需前往博物馆即可探索和使用这些模型。我们重点关注 MorphoSource，它是目前最大的 3D 博物馆数据网络档案馆。我们描述了该网站、如何以当前形式最有效地使用它，以及文件格式和元数据包含的最佳实践，以帮助希望利用它来分发 3D 数字数据的不断增长的社区。成功地从研究界众包博物馆藏品数字化的潜在回报是巨大的，因为它应该确保最重要的数据集的快速可用性。挑战包括长期治理（即维护站点功能、支持大量数字存储、监控/更新文件以防止位腐烂（电子数据随着时间的推移缓慢而随机地损坏）和数据格式过时（由于访问所需的功能软件丢失而导致数据变得不可读或无效的问题）以及社区的利用（即检测并最大程度地减少创建数据记录时的用户错误，激励研究人员和机构等共享数据，以及保护利益相关者对数据的权利，同时最大限度地提高可访问性和可发现性）。 MorphoSource 充当了如何应对此类挑战的概念验证。因此，它通常被认为是化石生物和/或比较样本的大型原始数据集的最合适的存储库。它的存在已经开始改变数据透明度标准，因为期刊审稿人、编辑和资助官员现在经常建议或要求通过该网站提供 3D 数据。
Advancement of understanding in paleontology and biology has always been hindered by difficulty in accessing comparative data. With current and burgeoning technology, the severity of this hindrance can be substantially reduced. Researchers and museum personnel generating three-dimensional (3-D) digital models of museum specimens can archive them using internet repositories that can then be explored and utilized by other researchers and private individuals without a museum trip. We focus on MorphoSource, the largest web archive for 3-D museum data at present. We describe the site, how to use it most effectively in its current form, and best practices for file formats and metadata inclusion to aid the growing community wishing to utilize it for distributing 3-D digital data. The potential rewards of successfully crowd sourcing the digitization of museum collections from the research community are great, as it should ensure rapid availability of the most important datasets. Challenges include long-term governance (i.e., maintaining site functionality, supporting large amounts of digital storage, and monitoring/updating file to prevent bit rot, which is the slow and random corruption of electronic data over time, and data format obsolescence, which is the problem of data becoming unreadable or ineffective because of the loss of functional software necessary for access), and utilization by the community (i.e., detecting and minimizing user error in creating data records, incentivizing data sharing by researchers and institutions alike, and protecting stakeholder rights to data, while maximizing accessibility and discoverability). MorphoSource serves as a proof-of-concept of how these kinds of challenges can be met. Accordingly, it is generally recognized as the most appropriate repository for large, raw datasets of fossil organisms and/or comparative samples. Its existence has begun to transform data transparency standards because journal reviewers, editors, and grant officers now often suggest or require that 3-D data be made available through this site.