Three new species of Trichoderma in the Harzianum and Longibrachiatum lineages from Peruvian cacao crop soils based on an integrative approach
Three new species of Trichoderma in the Harzianum and Longibrachiatum lineages from Peruvian cacao crop soils based on an integrative approach
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DOI：
10.1080/00275514.2021.1917243
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发表时间：
2021-06-16
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Oliva, Manuel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bustamante, Danilo E.;Calderon, Martha S.;Oliva, Manuel
高度多样化的木霉属是人类许多活动中最有用的微生物群之一，准确地鉴定它们是至关重要的。这一组的结构简单，缺乏独特的表型变异，使得基于DNA的物种划分方法与系统发育学(以及可行时的形态学)相结合，在物种之间建立了得到充分支持的边界。本研究采用多位点系统发育和基于DNA的4种分子标记(acl1、act、rpb2和tef1)的方法(自动条码间隙发现[ABGD]、统计简约[SPN]、广义混合圣诞节合并[GMYC]和贝叶斯系统发育和系统地理[BPP])来划分木霉属两个谱系的物种。尽管在我们的分析中观察到了这些方法之间的不一致，但遗传距离(ABGD)和合并(BPP)方法以及多位点系统发育树有力地支持并确认了Harzianum和Longibrachiata谱系中108种和39种不同物种的识别，其中包括与秘鲁北部可可农场有关的3个新种，即T.wajun，sp.，jaklitschii，sp.Nov.和变种T.peruvianum，sp.11月新种与其近缘种之间的形态差异主要与生长速度、菌落外观以及菌丝和分生孢子的大小有关。这项研究证实，一种综合的方法(基于DNA的方法、多位点系统发育和表型)更有可能可靠地验证木霉支持的物种边界。
The hyperdiverse genus Trichoderma is one of most useful groups of microbes for a number of human activities, and their accurate identification is crucial. The structural simplicity and lack of distinctive phenotypic variation in this group enable the use of DNA-based species delimitation methods in combination with phylogenies (and morphology when feasible) to establish well-supported boundaries among species. Our study employed a multilocus phylogeny and four DNA-based methods (automated barcode gap discovery [ABGD], statistical parsimony [SPN], generalized mixed Yule coalescent [GMYC], and Bayesian phylogenetics and phylogeography [BPP]) for four molecular markers (acl1, act, rpb2, and tef1) to delimit species of two lineages of Trichoderma. Although incongruence among these methods was observed in our analyses, the genetic distance (ABGD) and coalescence (BPP) methods and the multilocus phylogeny strongly supported and confirmed recognition of 108 and 39 different species in the Harzianum and Longibrachiatum lineages, including three new species associated with cacao farms in northern Peru, namely, T. awajun, sp. nov., T. jaklitschii, sp. nov., and T. peruvianum, sp. nov. Morphological distinctions between the new species and their close relatives are primarily related to growth rates, colony appearance, and size of phialides and conidia. This study confirmed that an integrative approach (DNA-based methods, multilocus phylogeny, and phenotype) is more likely to reliably verify supported species boundaries in Trichoderma.