Cortical hemispheric asymmetries are present at young ages and further develop into adolescence
Cortical hemispheric asymmetries are present at young ages and further develop into adolescence
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DOI：
10.1002/hbm.23893
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
H. Yamazaki;Vijayalakshmi Easwar;M. Polonenko;S. Jiwani;Daniel D. E. Wong;B. Papsin;K. Gordon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Yamazaki;Vijayalakshmi Easwar;M. Polonenko;S. Jiwani;Daniel D. E. Wong;B. Papsin;K. Gordon
听觉皮层对纯音聆听的专门化可能会随着年龄的增长而发展。对于成年人来说，听纯音和音乐时，右半球占主导地位；因此，我们假设（a）听觉皮层之间的不对称功能随着年龄的增长而增加，（b）这种发展是针对音调刺激而不是宽带/非音调刺激的。通过多通道脑电图记录听力正常的幼儿（5.1 ± 0.8 岁）和青少年（15.2 ± 1.7 岁）的皮质对突发音调和宽带喀哒声的反应。使用时间限制、伪影和相干源抑制 (TRACS) 波束形成器计算指示左右听觉皮层活动强度的峰值偶极矩。幼儿的单耳咔嗒声序列和突发音调通过左耳刺激引起对侧右皮层的显性反应，类似地，右耳中的喀哒声序列也会引起对侧左皮层的反应。右耳对突发音的反应更多是双侧的。在青少年中，大多数情况下，峰值活动在右皮层占主导地位（任一只耳朵发出音调，左耳发出喀哒声）。通过右耳点击刺激诱发双边活动。因此，右半球对单耳音调刺激的专门化从 5 岁的儿童就开始了，并在青春期变得更加突出。这些变化的特点是右听觉皮层中的偶极矩随着年龄的增长而一致，而在所有其他刺激条件下偶极子活动均减少。总之，这些发现揭示了两个听觉皮层的功能越来越不对称，这可能支持青春期发育过程中皮质更大的专业化。
Specialization of the auditory cortices for pure tone listening may develop with age. In adults, the right hemisphere dominates when listening to pure tones and music; we thus hypothesized that (a) asymmetric function between auditory cortices increases with age and (b) this development is specific to tonal rather than broadband/non‐tonal stimuli. Cortical responses to tone‐bursts and broadband click‐trains were recorded by multichannel electroencephalography in young children (5.1 ± 0.8 years old) and adolescents (15.2 ± 1.7 years old) with normal hearing. Peak dipole moments indicating activity strength in right and left auditory cortices were calculated using the Time Restricted, Artefact and Coherence source Suppression (TRACS) beamformer. Monaural click‐trains and tone‐bursts in young children evoked a dominant response in the contralateral right cortex by left ear stimulation and, similarly, a contralateral left cortex response to click‐trains in the right ear. Responses to tone‐bursts in the right ear were more bilateral. In adolescents, peak activity dominated in the right cortex in most conditions (tone‐bursts from either ear and to clicks from the left ear). Bilateral activity was evoked by right ear click stimulation. Thus, right hemispheric specialization for monaural tonal stimuli begins in children as young as 5 years of age and becomes more prominent by adolescence. These changes were marked by consistent dipole moments in the right auditory cortex with age in contrast to decreases in dipole activity in all other stimulus conditions. Together, the findings reveal increasingly asymmetric function for the two auditory cortices, potentially to support greater cortical specialization with development into adolescence.