Overview of nanoparticle use in cancer imaging
Overview of nanoparticle use in cancer imaging
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DOI：
10.3233/cbm-2009-0578
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Harisinghani, Mukesh G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Islam, Tina;Harisinghani, Mukesh G.
当前的横断面成像模式在表征淋巴结转移性疾病方面不准确，因为它们将大小和/或形态作为区分因素。正电子发射断层扫描（PET）克服了其中一些局限性，但受其空间分辨率的限制，特别是在检测小的淋巴结转移方面。这些挑战促使了亲淋巴造影剂的研发。菲立磁（Ferumoxtran - 10）就是这样一种磁共振成像（MRI）亲淋巴造影剂，它由基于超小型超顺磁性氧化铁的纳米颗粒组成，靶向网状内皮系统。静脉注射后，菲立磁被巨噬细胞吞噬，然后在良性淋巴结内积聚。转移导致的淋巴流或淋巴结结构紊乱会使颗粒积聚模式异常，这可通过MRI检测到。在增强后的T2加权和T2*加权MRI上，良性淋巴结信号强度降低且均匀变黑，而恶性浸润区域则显示纳米颗粒摄取缺失且保持高信号。对每个淋巴结数据进行的汇总受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析显示，菲立磁增强MRI的总体敏感度为88%，总体特异度为96%。菲立磁增强MRI比未增强的MRI具有更高的诊断准确性，对检测淋巴结转移敏感且特异，尤其在腹部和盆腔的恶性疾病中。
Current cross-sectional imaging modalities are inaccurate in characterizing nodal metastatic disease because of their use of size and/or morphology as differentiating factors. PET has overcome some of these limitations but it is constrained by its spacial resolution particularly for detecting small nodal metastases. These challenges have led to the development of lymphotropic contrast agents. Ferumoxtran-10 is one such MRI lymphotropic contrast agent that consists of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron-oxide based nanoparticles targeted at the reticuloendothelial system. After intravenous administration ferumoxtran-10 is phagocytosed by macrophages which then accumulate within benign lymph nodes. Disturbances in lymph flow or in nodal architecture caused by metastases lead to abnormal patterns of accumulation of the particles, which are detectable by MRI. On postcontrast T2- and T2*-weighted MRI benign lymph nodes show a drop in signal intensity and homogenous darkening whereas areas of malignant infiltration show lack of nanoparticle uptake and remain signal-intense. Summary ROC curve analysis for per-lymph-node data showed an overall sensitivity of 88% and overall specificity of 96% for ferumoxtran-10-enhanced MRI. Ferumoxtran-10-enhanced MRI offers higher diagnostic precision than unenhanced MRI and is sensitive and specific for the detection of lymph-node metastases, especially in malignant diseases of the abdomen and pelvis.