Study on the Formation Mechanism of the Lakes in the Badain Juran Desert
Study on the Formation Mechanism of the Lakes in the Badain Juran Desert
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作者：
DI Hong-wei
巴丹朱兰沙漠内陆湖泊的形成原因和水源一直以来学术界存在争议。本文根据调查资料和前人的研究成果，结合区域水文地质条件，对巴丹朱兰沙漠及周边地区地下水的补给和排泄进行了系统的测算和分析。结果表明，巴丹朱兰沙漠地下水年补给量比沙漠地区低2.547×10~8 m~3。然而，黑河流域沙漠西缘地带的金塔-定新盆地地下水年补给量比地下水排水量高出2.658×10~8 m~3，但地下水位上升幅度并不那么显着。其他靠近沙漠的盆地地下水补给和排水量基本都在前人的研究成果证明，我国西北地区沿东西走向的阿尔金断裂带存在断裂带，地势向东倾斜，透水性好，穿过巴丹吉林沙漠，内陆湖泊沿断裂带分布。钙化、钙质胶结和~3 He/~4He值揭示了内陆湖泊由深层含水层补给，河流高程正义峡至小马营河段水位高于湖泊水位,认为巴丹吉林沙漠内陆湖泊是黑河流域金塔-定新盆地入渗所致阿尔金断裂带下地下水流补给的。
The formation causes and water sources of the inland lakes in the Badain Juran Desert are academically disputed all along.According to the investigated data and the predecessors' research achievements,in this paper the recharge and drainage of groundwater in the Badain Juran Desert and its peripheral regions are systematically estimated and analyzed based on the regional hydrogeologic conditions.The results reveal that the annual recharge volume of groundwater in the Badain Juran Desert is 2.547×10~8 m~3 lower than the groundwater drainage,so such situation can not be used to explain the survival of the inland lakes in the Badain Juran Desert.However,the annual recharge volume of groundwater in the Jinta-Dingxin Basin located in the western marginal zone of the desert in the Heihe River Watershed is 2.658×10~8 m~3 higher than the groundwater drainage,but the increase of groundwater level is not so significant.The recharge and drainage of groundwater in other basins close to the desert are basically balanced,so there is no groundwater recharge to the desert.The predecessors' research achievements prove that there is a fracture zone along the east-west Altun fault in northwest China,the terrain slopes eastward,processes fine water transmissibility and passes through the Badain Juran Desert,and the inland lakes are distributed along the fracture zone.The calcification,calcareous cementation and ~3 He/~4He values reveal that the inland lakes are recharged by deep aquifers,and the elevation of stream water of the river section from Zhengyixia to Xiaomaying is higher than that of water level of the lakes,so it is considered that the inland lakes in the Badain Juran Desert are recharged by groundwater flow under the Altun fracture zone due to the infiltration of the Jinta-Dingxin Basin in the Heihe River Watershed.