On-road and simulated driving: Concurrent and discriminant validation
On-road and simulated driving: Concurrent and discriminant validation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jsr.2011.06.004
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Johnson, Amanda G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mayhew, Daniel R.;Simpson, Herb M.;Johnson, Amanda G.
简介：一对融合的研究调查了模拟器测量驾驶性能/技能的有效性。研究1：一项并行有效性研究比较了新手驾驶员在道路驾驶测试中的表现与他们在可比的模拟驾驶测试中的表现。结果：结果显示了一个合理的一致性程度方面的道路上的驾驶错误和模拟器上的错误的分布。此外，有一个显着的关系，两者之间的关系时，驾驶员的表现是根据错误排序，进一步建立了相对有效性的模拟器。然而，具体的驾驶错误的两项任务并没有密切相关，这表明绝对有效性无法建立，需要建立的技能水平的整体表现。研究2：一项判别效度研究比较了三组经验水平不同的驾驶员在模拟器上的驾驶表现-一组没有驾驶经验的真正初学者，一组完成驾驶员教育并拥有学习许可证的新手驾驶员，以及一组完全许可的经验丰富的驾驶员。结果如下：研究结果显示，在预期的方向上，各组之间存在显着差异-驾驶错误的各种措施显示，初学者的表现比新手司机差，经验丰富的司机错误最少。总的来说，并发和判别有效性研究的结果支持使用模拟器作为一个有效的措施，驾驶性能的研究目的。对行业的影响：这些发现支持使用驾驶模拟器作为研究目的的驾驶性能的有效衡量标准。未来的研究应继续研究道路驾驶性能和驾驶模拟器性能之间的有效性，并在驾驶员教育/培训计划的评估中使用模拟驾驶测试。(C)2011年国家安全理事会和爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Introduction: A converging pair of studies investigated the validity of a simulator for measuring driving performance/skill. Study 1: A concurrent validity study compared novice driver performance during an on-road driving test with their performance on a comparable simulated driving test. Results: Results showed a reasonable degree of concordance in terms of the distribution of driving errors on-road and errors on the simulator. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between the two when driver performance was rank ordered according to errors, further establishing the relative validity of the simulator. However, specific driving errors on the two tasks were not closely related suggesting that absolute validity could not be established and that overall performance is needed to establish the level of skill. Study 2: A discriminant validity study compared driving performance on the simulator across three groups of drivers who differ in their level of experience - a group of true beginners who had no driving experience, a group of novice drivers who had completed driver education and had a learner's permit, and a group of fully licensed, experienced drivers. Results: The findings showed significant differences among the groups in the expected direction - the various measures of driving errors showed that beginners performed worse than novice drivers and that experienced drivers had the fewest errors. Collectively, the results of the concurrent and discriminant validity studies support the use of the simulator as a valid measure of driving performance for research purposes. Impact on industry: These findings support the use of a driving simulator as a valid measure of driving performance for research purposes. Future research should continue to examine validity between on-road driving performance and performance on a driving simulator and the use of simulated driving tests in the evaluation of driver education/training programs. (C) 2011 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.