Impact of human activity and climate change on suspended sediment load: the upper Yellow River, China
Impact of human activity and climate change on suspended sediment load: the upper Yellow River, China
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s12665-013-2223-4
复制
发表时间：
2013-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
W. Yao;Jiongxin Xu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Yao;Jiongxin Xu
河流悬移质泥沙具有多方面的环境意义，研究河流悬移质泥沙的变化在环境地球科学和河流环境管理中具有重要意义。本研究的目的是基于中国黄河上游过去50-60年的数据，阐明人类活动和气候变化对SSL的影响，从而为改善流域管理提供一些知识。结果表明，黄河上游的固体悬浮物浓度呈明显的下降趋势。黄河上游最下游的头道拐站，由于多座水库的拦沙，导致了头道拐站的泥沙淤积量减少。基于Mann-Kendall 'U法和双质量图的分析表明，黄河上游刘家峡和龙羊峡水库的蓄水引起了黄河上游的一些转折点。水土保持措施的实施降低了径流系数，从而降低了土壤侵蚀强度。气候变化也在减少产沙量方面发挥了作用。气温的升高增加了蒸散量，减少了径流量，使SSL减小。沙尘暴发生频率的降低，减少了沙漠化河段的风沙量，也减少了SSL。选取了7个影响因子来描述人类活动和气候的变化。由于部分影响变量之间存在较强的相关性，因此采用主成分回归法建立SSL与影响变量之间的关系。复相关系数的平方为R2 = 0.823。建议进一步研究与SSL有关的矿物和污染物。
Fluvial suspended sediment has multi-fold environmental implications and the study of the variation in suspended sediment load (SSL) of rivers is important both in environmental earth sciences and in river environmental management. Based on data collected for the upper Yellow River of China in the past 50–60 years, the purpose of this study is to elucidate the impact of human activity and climate change on SSL, thereby to provide some knowledge for the improvement of the drainage basin management. The results show that the SSL of the upper Yellow River exhibited a remarkable decreasing trend. A number of reservoirs trapped a considerable amount of sediment, resulting in a reduction in SSL at Toudaoguai station, the most downstream station of the upper Yellow River. The analyses based on Mann–Kendall’U and double-mass plot indicate some turning points, which were caused by the Liujiaxia and Longyangxia Reservoirs, two major reservoirs on the upper Yellow River. The implementation of soil and water conservation measures reduced the runoff coefficient, and therefore, the intensity of soil erosion. The climate change also played a role in reducing sediment yield. The increase in air temperature enhanced the evapo-transpiration and reduced the runoff, by which the SSL decreased. The decreased frequency of sand-dust storms reduced the amount of wind-blown, sand and dust to the river reaches located in desert, also reducing the SSL. Seven influencing variables are selected to describe the changing human activity and climate. As some of the influencing variables are strongly inter-correlated, the principle component regression was used to establish the relationship between SSL and the influencing variables. The squared multiple correlation coefficient isR2= 0.823. Some further research is suggested with the minerals and pollutants related with the SSL.