Experimental assessment of coral reef rehabilitation following blast fishing
Experimental assessment of coral reef rehabilitation following blast fishing
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00261.x
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Caldwell, RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox, HE;Mous, PJ;Caldwell, RL
非法捕鱼用炸药破坏了整个东南亚的珊瑚礁。除了杀死鱼类和其他生物外，爆炸还粉碎了珊瑚骨架，留下大片破碎的碎石，这些碎石在水流中移动，磨损或掩埋了新的珊瑚，从而减缓或阻止了珊瑚礁的恢复。成功的恢复和修复工作有助于珊瑚礁的保护。通过实地试验，评估了印度尼西亚科莫多国家公园（KNP）不同的低成本珊瑚礁修复方法的有效性。我们的实验在三个不同的空间尺度上进行。在1 × 1米的地块上，我们测试了三种不同的修复方法：岩石桩、水泥板和固定在碎石上的网。每平方米珊瑚生长在岩石上的数量明显更多，其次是水泥、网和未经处理的碎石，尽管许多地块在两年半后被强大的水流分散或被碎石掩埋。为了在更实际的尺度上测试最成功的岩石处理方法的好处，我们在2000年的9个地点分别建立了10 × 10米的岩桩地块。安装三年后，岩石上的硬珊瑚覆盖范围继续增加，但在高流速地区的修复工作仍然最为困难。2002年，KNP的修复工作增加了6000多米(2)，以便在四个碎石场分别测试四种岩石桩设计。假设有足够的幼虫供应，使用岩石进行简单，低预算，大规模的修复似乎是恢复受损珊瑚礁结构基础的可行选择。
Illegal fishing with explosives has damaged coral reefs throughout Southeast Asia. In addition to killing fish and other organisms, the blasts shatter coral skeletons, leaving fields of broken rubble that shift in the current, abrading or burying new coral recruits, and thereby slowing or preventing reef recovery. Successful restoration and rehabilitation efforts can contribute to coral reef conservation. We used field experiments to assess the effectiveness of different low-cost methods for coral reef rehabilitation in Komodo National Park (KNP), Indonesia. Our experiments were conducted at three different spatial scales. At a scale of 1 x 1 m plots, we tested three different rehabilitation methods: rock piles, cement slabs, and netting pinned to the rubble. Significantly more corals per square meter grew on rocks, followed by cement, netting, and untreated rubble, although many plots were scattered by strong water current or buried by rubble after 2.5 years. To test the benefits of the most successful treatment, rocks, at more realistic scales, we established 10 x 10 m plots of rock piles at each of our nine sites in 2000. Three years after installation, coverage by hard corals on the rocks continued to increase, although rehabilitation in high current areas remained the most difficult. In 2002 rehabilitation efforts in KNP were increased over 6000 m(2) to test four rock pile designs at each of four rubble field sites. Assuming that there is an adequate larval supply, using rocks for simple, low-budget, large-scale rehabilitation appears to be a viable option for restoring the structural foundation of damaged reefs.